Preserved thematic and impaired taxonomic categorisation: A case study

Davidoff, Jules; Roberson, Debi

doi:10.1080/01690960344000125

Cited by 67 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(158 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Indeed, it is unlikely given the neuropsychological evidence for a double dissociation in performance on the two tasks (Luzzatti & Davidoff. 1994;Miceli et al, 2001;Davidoff & Roberson, 2004). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Color Categories in Two Languages: A Longitudinal Study.

Roberson

Davidoff

Davies

et al. 2004

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

Self Cite

110

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study unites investigations into the linguistic relativity of color categories with research on children's category acquisition. Naming, comprehension, and memory for colors were tracked in 2 populations over a 3-year period. Children from a seminomadic equatorial African culture, whose language contains 5 color terms, were compared with a group of English children. Despite differences in visual environment, language, and education, they showed similar patterns of term acquisition. Both groups acquired color vocabulary slowly and with great individual variation. Those knowing no color terms made recognition errors based on perceptual distance, and the influence of naming on memory increased with age. An initial perceptually driven color continuum appears to be progressively organized into sets appropriate to each culture and language.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Color Categories in Two Languages: A Longitudinal Study.

Roberson

Davidoff

Davies

et al. 2004

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

Self Cite

110

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Jules Davidoffmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Now, it is not a matter of the number of attributes that promotes the distinction, as this number could be small in each case. However, potentially against the case put forward by Pothos, it is possible to argue that decisions about perceptual attributes require rule following whereas this is not the case for situational attributes (Davidoff & Roberson 2004).Patients with the type of aphasia named after Wernicke actually have difficulty with taxonomic rather than thematic relationships (Bisiacchi et al 1976;Gardner & Zurif 1976;Semenza et al 1980) and the reverse has been claimed for more anterior patients (Semenza et al 1992). Now, if the use of the different procedures is merely situationally dependent, as was argued for the cases in Zurif et al (1974), then Pothos's line of reasoning would not be seriously damaged by the data from aphasia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The particular difficulty a patient might have for perceptual classification is shown by the performance of an aphasic case, LEW (Davidoff & Roberson 2004;Roberson et al 1999). The patient, who was unable to name perceptual attributes (e.g., colours, shapes), was completely bewildered by the task of sorting colours as, indeed, were Goldstein's many similar cases.…”

Section: Jules Davidoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, if the use of the different procedures is merely situationally dependent, as was argued for the cases in Zurif et al (1974), then Pothos's line of reasoning would not be seriously damaged by the data from aphasia. However, if, as Goldstein argued, the inability to produce names resulted in a chronic inability to think abstractly, then the need would be for rule-based thought distinct from that based on association (similarity).The particular difficulty a patient might have for perceptual classification is shown by the performance of an aphasic case, LEW (Davidoff & Roberson 2004;Roberson et al 1999). The patient, who was unable to name perceptual attributes (e.g., colours, shapes), was completely bewildered by the task of sorting colours as, indeed, were Goldstein's many similar cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Two types of thought: Evidence from aphasia

Davidoff

2005

Behav Brain Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The distinction between rules and similarity is central to our understanding of much of cognitive psychology. Two aspects of existing research have motivated the present work. First, in different cognitive psychology areas we typically see different conceptions of rules and similarity; for example, rules in language appear to be of a different kind compared to rules in categorization. Second, rules processes are typically modeled as separate from similarity ones; for example, in a learning experiment, rules and similarity influences would be described on the basis of separate models. In the present article, I assume that the rules versus similarity distinction can be understood in the same way in learning, reasoning, categorization, and language, and that a unified model for rules and similarity is appropriate. A rules process is considered to be a similarity one where only a single or a small subset of an object's properties are involved. Hence, rules and overall similarity operations are extremes in a single continuum of similarity operations. It is argued that this viewpoint allows adequate coverage of theory and empirical findings in learning, reasoning, categorization, and language, and also a reassessment of the objectives in research on rules versus similarity.Keywords: categorization; cognitive explanation; language; learning; reasoning; rules; similarity Emmanuel Pothos received his D.Phil. in Experimental Psychology from the University of Oxford in 1998. Since then he has been a lecturer of psychology at the University of Wales at Bangor and at the University of Edinburgh; he is currently at the University of Crete. His research activity includes computational models in unsupervised categorization and statistical methods for disambiguating rules and similarity in learning. Additionally, he is looking at applications of learning models in the study of addictive behavior. A focal point of his work is the a priori comparability of theoretical accounts and explanatory concepts in cognitive psychology.partly because they uniquely have in common a particular set of properties or features, as research in basic level categorization and spontaneous classification shows (Pothos & Chater 2002;Rosch & Mervis 1975). I postulate that the object properties relevant in deciding how to categorize it amongst a number of candidate categories are the properties uniquely common to the instances of each category (cf. Aha & Goldstone 1992). For example, in order to decide whether my car keys are a member of the category 'things to take out of my house when it is on fire," I will have to consider only whether car keys match the uniquely common properties of the other members of that category ("credit cards," "my cat," "my university diploma") (Barsalou 1991). Note that the present proposal does not involve any commitment about the form of features or properties (cf. Marr 1982). We simply require that at some level it is possible to represent objects in terms of discrete entities (perceptual features, abstract proper...

show abstract

The Challenges of Abstract Concepts

Dove

2021

Handbook of Embodied Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Preserved thematic and impaired taxonomic categorisation: A case study

Cited by 67 publications

References 122 publications

The Development of Color Categories in Two Languages: A Longitudinal Study.

The Development of Color Categories in Two Languages: A Longitudinal Study.

Two types of thought: Evidence from aphasia

The Challenges of Abstract Concepts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About