Preservation of Interference Effects in Working Memory After Orbitofrontal Damage

Llorens, Anaïs; Funderud, Ingrid; Blenkmann, Alejandro; Lubell, James; Foldal, Maja Dyhre; Leske, Sabine; Huster, René J.; Meling, Torstein; Knight, Robert T.; Solbakk, Anne‐Kristin; Endestad, Tor

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00445

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Complex attention is a cognitive function that relies on the simultaneous, interconnected activity of several lobes (visual occipital cortex for awareness, afferent pathways, and regions of the parietal, and temporal and frontal lobes), thereby allowing for some plasticity that aids postoperative recovery [ 48 ]. In contrast, cognitive flexibility seems limited to medial areas of the pre-frontal cortex that perfectly match the affected regions in presence of olfactory groove meningiomas, which therefore explains the longer persistence of this deficit in task-switching or flexibility [ 22 , 27 , 28 , 49 , 50 ]. Cognitive flexibility is a major competence for coping with daily life requirements and, as such, a permanent deficit may fundamentally incapacitate one’s daily life in ways that are difficult to quantitatively assess and also to rehabilitate [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in recent years, some studies have reported abnormal neuropsychological functioning in patients after meningioma surgery for tumors typically located in the frontal and prefrontal regions (notably the ventromedial or the medio-lateral region), in particular executive functions [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Executive functions encompass many interrelated higher-order cognitive processes, allowing people to take goal-directed actions [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite such singularities, little is known about their clinical consequences as past studies mostly focused on their effect on olfaction [ 35 , 36 ]. However, in the case of olfactory groove meningiomas where there is direct contact with important cortical cognitive areas such as the pre-frontal and rostral cortex, the potential for those tumors to affect neuropsychological functioning deserves special attention [ 14 , 17 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 35 , 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychological Outcomes after Surgery for Olfactory Groove Meningiomas

Constanthin

Gondar

Fellrath

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Background: In recent years, several studies have reported abnormal pre- and postoperative neuropsychological functioning in patients with meningiomas located in the prefrontal cortex (notably the ventromedial region). In the case of olfactory groove meningiomas, the tumor is in direct contact with the inferior aspect of the prefrontal cortex, a cortical region with crucial roles in decision-making, cognition and memory functions, potentially negatively impacting neuropsychological functions. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively compared pre- and post-operative neuropsychological testing of 17 patients undergoing surgical removal of olfactory groove meningiomas in our institution between January 2013 and December 2018. Neuropsychological results were obtained from the patients’ medical history and normalized as z-scores of their respective cognitive functions. Results: Assessment of cognitive follow-up showed an important heterogeneity among patients. Pre-operative cognitive impairment was observed in most patients, particularly in cognitive flexibility (mean z-score: −1.35). Immediate post-operative cognitive status showed an overall impairment in all domains of cognition, significant for the domains of attention (p = 0.0273) and flexibility (p = 0.0234) and almost significant for the domain of language (p = 0.0547). The late follow-up at one year showed a trend towards general improvement, although attention and flexibility remained impaired. Discussion: Olfactory groove meningiomas impact pre-frontal cortex cognitive functions, particularly in the domain of cognitive flexibility. After an initial postoperative worsening, patients tended to improve in most aspects after one year, aside from cognitive flexibility and attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychological Outcomes after Surgery for Olfactory Groove Meningiomas

Constanthin

Gondar

Fellrath

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…The response time at the probe was recorded for each trial. Trials with RT faster than 400ms 77 or exceeding three standard deviations were excluded 78 . The remaining trials were included in subsequent analyses of response latency (based on the mean RT of correct trials per participant) and error rate (based on the percentage of incorrect trials).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision and response monitoring during working memory are sequentially represented in the human insula

Llorens

Bellier

Blenkmann

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Emerging research supports a role of the insula in human cognition. Here, we used intracranial EEG to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics in the insula during a verbal working memory (vWM) task. We found robust effects for theta, beta, and high frequency activity (HFA) during probe presentation requiring a decision. Theta and beta band activity showed differential involvement across left and right insulae while sequential HFA modulations were observed along the anteroposterior axis. HFA in anterior insula tracked decision making and subsequent HFA was observed in posterior insula after the behavioral response. Our results provide electrophysiological evidence of engagement of different insula subregions in both decision-making and response monitoring during vWM and expand our knowledge of the role of the insula in complex human behavior.

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“…The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is linked to multiple high-level cognitive processes including inhibitory control, [1][2][3] goal-directed attention, 4-6 recent [7][8][9] and temporal context 10 memory and working memory (WM) maintenance, [11][12][13][14][15] all supporting pivotal involvement of the OFC in decision-making. [16][17][18][19][20] Extensive research has highlighted a key role of the OFC in outcome monitoring and evaluation (e.g., 6,20,21 ), and the signaling of reward value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered hierarchical auditory predictive processing after lesions to the orbitofrontal cortex

Asko

Blenkmann

Leske

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is classically linked to inhibitory control, emotion regulation and reward processing. Recent perspectives propose that the OFC also generates predictions about perceptual events, actions, and their outcomes. We tested the causal involvement of the OFC in detecting violations of prediction at two levels of abstraction (i.e., hierarchical predictive processing) by studying the event-related potentials (ERPs) of patients with focal OFC lesions (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 14) while they detected deviant sequences of tones in a Local-Global paradigm. The structural regularities of the tones were controlled at two hierarchical levels by rules defined at a local (i.e., between tones within sequences) and at a global (i.e., between sequences) level. In OFC patients, ERPs elicited by standard tones were unaffected at both local and global levels compared to controls. However, patients showed an attenuated mismatch negativity (MMN) to local prediction violation, as well as a diminished and delayed MMN/P3a complex to the combined local and global level prediction violation. Importantly, the subsequent P3b component to conditions involving violations of prediction at the level of global rules was preserved in the OFC group. The altered magnitudes and time courses of MMN/P3a responses after lesions to the OFC indicate fundamental impairments in detecting violation of auditory regularity at two hierarchical levels of stimuli abstraction.

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Preservation of Interference Effects in Working Memory After Orbitofrontal Damage

Cited by 7 publications

References 66 publications

Neuropsychological Outcomes after Surgery for Olfactory Groove Meningiomas

Neuropsychological Outcomes after Surgery for Olfactory Groove Meningiomas

Decision and response monitoring during working memory are sequentially represented in the human insula

Altered hierarchical auditory predictive processing after lesions to the orbitofrontal cortex

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