Presepsin: A promising biomarker for the detection of bacterial infections

Memar, Mohammad Yousef; Baghi, Hossein Bannazadeh

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.124

Cited by 85 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Liver is the main source of sCD14, also LBP is produced predominantly by the liver and in addition by epithelial cells of lungs and the gastrointestinal track [220]. LPB and sCD14 are both acute phase proteins upregulated significantly during sepsis [45,221]. High concentrations of LBP attenuate TLR4 activation by inhibiting the transfer of LPS from CD14 to MD-2 while sCD14 can accept LPS form membrane-bound CD14 and accelerate its transfer to HDL and subsequent detoxification in the liver [49,207,215,222,223].…”

Section: Lps Uptake and Detoxificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

TLR4 and CD14 trafficking and its influence on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling

Ciesielska

Matyjek

Kwiatkowska

2020

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

631

466

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Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 belongs to the TLR family of receptors inducing pro-inflammatory responses to invading pathogens. TLR4 is activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) of Gram-negative bacteria and sequentially triggers two signaling cascades: the first one involving TIRAP and MyD88 adaptor proteins is induced in the plasma membrane, whereas the second engaging adaptor proteins TRAM and TRIF begins in early endosomes after endocytosis of the receptor. The LPS-induced internalization of TLR4 and hence also the activation of the TRIF-dependent pathway is governed by a GPI-anchored protein, CD14. The endocytosis of TLR4 terminates the MyD88-dependent signaling, while the following endosome maturation and lysosomal degradation of TLR4 determine the duration and magnitude of the TRIF-dependent one. Alternatively, TLR4 may return to the plasma membrane, which process is still poorly understood. Therefore, the course of the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory responses depends strictly on the rates of TLR4 endocytosis and trafficking through the endo-lysosomal compartment. Notably, prolonged activation of TLR4 is linked with several hereditary human diseases, neurodegeneration and also with autoimmune diseases and cancer. Recent studies have provided ample data on the role of diverse proteins regulating the functions of early, late, and recycling endosomes in the TLR4-induced inflammation caused by LPS or phagocytosis of E. coli. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of the internalization and intracellular trafficking of TLR4 and CD14, and also of LPS, in immune cells and discuss how dysregulation of the endo-lysosomal compartment contributes to the development of diverse human diseases.

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Section: Lps Uptake and Detoxificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

TLR4 and CD14 trafficking and its influence on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling

Ciesielska

Matyjek

Kwiatkowska

2020

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

631

466

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“…In addition, presepsin, an immunologic biomarker related to bacterial phagocytosis, specifically elevates in response to bacterial infections [ 52 ]. For this reason, presepsin has recently been reported to be useful for predicting infection with high diagnostic accuracy in children with sepsis and bacterial ventriculitis [ 53 , 54 ]. Adrenomedullin, a peptide secreted by vascular endothelial cells and musculature, is primarily involved in the process of immune modulation and vasodilation.…”

Section: Bacterial Protein Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Markers of Bacterial and Viral Infections in Children for Point-of-Care Testing

Tsao

Tsai

Liao

et al. 2020

Trends in Molecular Medicine

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Children suffering from infectious diseases, both bacterial and viral, are often treated with empirical antibiotics. Keeping in mind both the menace of microorganisms and antibiotic toxicity, it is imperative to develop point-of-care testing (POCT) to discriminate bacterial from viral infections, and to define indications for antibiotic treatment. This article reviews potential protein biomarkers and host-derived gene expression signatures for differentiating between bacterial and viral infections in children, and focuses on emerging multiplex POCT devices for the simultaneous detection of sets of protein biomarkers or streamlined gene expression signatures that may provide rapid and cost-effective pathogen-discriminating tools.

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“…Presepsin (sCD14-ST) is the soluble N-terminal region of the membrane marker/receptor protein CD14, which is released after the host cell activation that follows the recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide or other surface bacterial ligands including gram-positive peptidoglycans [16]. Several studies documented the role of presepsin in the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis where presepsin levels were significantly higher in septic than in non-septic patients or in those with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) [6,17]. Moreover, these higher levels were reported in the early stages of sepsis that were correlated with severity [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Value of Presepsin in Comparison to hsCRP as a Monitoring and Early Prognostic Marker for Sepsis in Critically Ill Patients

et al. 2019

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Sepsis carries a poor prognosis for critically ill patients, even withintensive management. We aimed to determined early predictors of sepsis-related in-hospital mortality and to monitor levels of presepsin and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) during admission relative to the applied treatment and the development of complications.An observational study was conducted on 68 intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis. Blood samples from each patient were collected at admission (day 0) for measuring presepsin, hsCRP, biochemical examination, complete blood picture and microbiological culture and at the third day (day 3) for measuring presepsin and hsCRP. Predictors of sepsis-related in-hospital mortality were assessed using regression analysis. Predictive abilities of presepsin and hsCRP were compared using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the overall survival rate.Results showed that the sepsis-related in-hospital mortality was 64.6%. The day 0 presepsin and SOFA scores were associated with this mortality. Presepsin levels were significantly higher at days 0 and 3 in non-survivors vs. survivors (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001 respectively) and it decreased over the three days in survivors. Presepsin had a higher prognostic accuracy than hsCRP at all the evaluated times. Overall, in comparison with hsCRP, presepsin was an early predictor of sepsis-related in-hospital mortality in ICU patients. Changes in presepsin concentrations over time may be useful for sepsis monitoring, which in turn could be useful for stratifying high-risk patients on ICU admission that benefit from intensive treatment.

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Presepsin: A promising biomarker for the detection of bacterial infections

Cited by 85 publications

References 76 publications

TLR4 and CD14 trafficking and its influence on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling

TLR4 and CD14 trafficking and its influence on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling

Differential Markers of Bacterial and Viral Infections in Children for Point-of-Care Testing

Clinical Value of Presepsin in Comparison to hsCRP as a Monitoring and Early Prognostic Marker for Sepsis in Critically Ill Patients

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