Presentation and interpretation of Sediment Quality Triad data

Chapman, Peter M.

doi:10.1007/bf00119054

Cited by 143 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Despite the obvious relevance of ecotoxicological studies at the microbial community level, there is also a need for the development of bioassays that use selected microorganisms for toxicity testing of pollutants (11,13,40,44). Unfortunately, previous assays that used test microorganisms were often based on exposure to soil extracts in water or organic solvent (12,20,32,42,43), thereby ignoring interactions of the test organisms with adsorptive soil pollutants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-Phase Contact Assay That Uses alux-MarkedNitrosomonas europaeaReporter Strain To Estimate Toxicity of Bioavailable Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in Soil

Brandt¹,

Pedersen²,

Sørensen³

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Information about in situ toxicity of the bioavailable pools of adsorptive soil pollutants is a prerequisite for proper ecological risk assessment in contaminated soils. Such toxicity data may be obtained by assays allowing for direct exposure of introduced test microorganisms to the toxicants, as they appear in solid solution equilibria in the natural soil. We describe a novel sensitive solid-phase contact assay for in situ toxicity testing of soil pollutants based on a recombinant bioluminescent reporter strain of Nitrosomonas europaea. A slurry of the reporter strain and soil sample was shaken for 1 h, after which bioluminescence was measured either directly (soil slurry protocol) or in the supernatant obtained after centrifugation (soil extract protocol). The assay was validated for both protocols by using linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) as a toxic and adsorptive model compound in the soil samples. Interestingly, LAS showed the same toxicity to the reporter strain with either soil incubation (both protocols) or pure culture, suggesting that adsorbed LAS pools contributed to the observed toxicity. The solid-phase contact assay that used the reporter strain of lux-marked N. europaea was slightly more sensitive for the detection of LAS toxicity in soil than activity-based assays targeting indigenous nitrifiers and much more sensitive than assays targeting indigenous heterotrophic microbes. We conclude that the new solid-phase contact assay, which is based on direct interaction of the test microorganisms with bioavailable pools of the toxicants in soil, provides a most sensitive and relevant method for evaluating the in situ toxicity and assessing the risks of soil contaminants.

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confidence: 99%

Solid-Phase Contact Assay That Uses alux-MarkedNitrosomonas europaeaReporter Strain To Estimate Toxicity of Bioavailable Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in Soil

Brandt¹,

Pedersen²,

Sørensen³

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Besides effluent quality, the sediment, being central to the fate of organic contaminants, is a natural sink or source for many hazardous substances. In short the initiatives are aimed to extend the relevance of sediment-related issues in policy making with help of the sediment quality triad (Chapman 1996), for management of European aquatic systems e.g. the European Sediment Research Network (SedNet).…”

Section: Responses Of 20dpfzf To Xenoestrogenic Mixtures (Ii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the xeno-oestrogenic impact of sediment cores contaminated by the pulp and paper industry: induction of aromatase cyp19a1b in late larval zebrafish

Sahoo

Oikari

2014

J Soils Sediments

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To assess xenoestrogenicity, the 20 days-post-fertilization zebrafish (20dpfZF) life-stage was experimentally exposed to known model chemicals as well as to environmentally contaminated samples. From a selection of key responsive genes, molecular responses associated with the steroidogenic impact (brain aromatase, cyp19a1b and vitellogenin isoform 1, vtg1) were used to assess the endocrinic modulation by xenoestrogenic samples. This work showed diverse in vivo responses by the 20dpfZF, from pure chemicals (bisphenol A, BPA; 17 -ethinylestradiol, EE2; nonylphenol, NP; octylphenol, OP), and their mixture combinations, and to industrially contaminated sediment samples. Gene expression analysis of cyp19a1b and vtg1 in exposed 20dpfZF showed the estrogenic potencies of chemicals in the order: EE2 > OP > BPA > NP. Transcriptional up-regulation of vtg1 in early juvenile fish exposed to mixtures (BPA + NP + OP), relative to individual concentrations, suggest in minimum the additive in vivo effect of a mixture of very low sublethal doses of single xenoestrogens. Complementary expression of cyp19a1b and vtg1 in 20dpfZF, exposed to artificially-spiked sediment with EE2 established the estrogenresponsiveness of the model. In contrast, the lack of simple estrogenic or antiestrogenic trait of correspondence in biomarker transcription was evident from exposure to two types of industrially contaminated sediments, suggesting common non-linearity of in vivo response by the model. The results also highlight the applicability of 20dpfZF in the assessment of remediation and monitoring of historically polluted sites. This study showed that the 20dpfZF addressed the regulatory requirement of a multi-purpose and cost-effective ecotoxicological model capable of in vivo genomic assessment of endocrineactive substances in aquatic samples.

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“…A common approach to assessing the potential risks associated with contaminated sediments involves a weight-of-evidence assessment, such as the Sediment Quality Triad (SQT; Long and Chapman, 1985;Chapman et al, 1987, Chapman, 1990Chapman, 1996;Chapman et al, 1997). SQTs consist of three unique and complementary components: sediment chemistry, which measure contamination, sediment toxicity tests, and in situ parameters (e.g., benthic community structure), which measure alteration (Chapman, 1990).…”

Section: List Of Tables and Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of porewater and elutriate bivalve larval development toxicity testing in a sediment quality triad framework

McDonald

2005

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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The magnitude and extent of contaminated marine sediment are frequently assessed using a Sediment Quality Triad framework involving multiple toxicity tests using a variety of species, toxicological endpoints and exposure systems. Data are integrated into an overall assessment of sediment quality using a weight of evidence approach. Guidance on the selection of appropriate toxicity tests recommends a wide range of organism type, life-cycle, exposure route, and feeding type be includedporewater bivalve larval development tests increases the number of exposure routes under consideration.Interpretation of porewater toxicity data are subject to limitations, in part, related to the extensive chemical manipulations associated with the extraction of in situ anoxic porewater and the subsequent aeration required for the laboratory-based toxicity test. The ability of the porewater-only test to represent ecologically relevant adverse effects in the field appears minimal. Results from concurrent porewater and elutriate toxicity testing using newly fertilized larvae of the bivalve, Mytilus galloprovincialis are provided to illustrate these problems. Porewater samples were consistently more toxic than the corresponding elutriate sample, and ammonia, a common confounding factor in sediment toxicology, was identified as the most likely toxic agent for the majority of samples.Porewater toxicity testing using M galloprovincialis is therefore not recommended as a routine element of the sediment quality triad unless additional chemistry (samples used for testing as well as in situ) are available to facilitate an appropriate interpretation of the resulting toxicity data. DEDICATIONFor all the support and understanding from my beloved wife, Elana.

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Presentation and interpretation of Sediment Quality Triad data

Cited by 143 publications

References 26 publications

Solid-Phase Contact Assay That Uses alux-MarkedNitrosomonas europaeaReporter Strain To Estimate Toxicity of Bioavailable Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in Soil

Solid-Phase Contact Assay That Uses alux-MarkedNitrosomonas europaeaReporter Strain To Estimate Toxicity of Bioavailable Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in Soil

Probing the xeno-oestrogenic impact of sediment cores contaminated by the pulp and paper industry: induction of aromatase cyp19a1b in late larval zebrafish

Comparison of porewater and elutriate bivalve larval development toxicity testing in a sediment quality triad framework

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