Present status and challenges of fodder production in controlled environments: A review

Ahamed, Shamim; Sultan, Muhammad; Shamshiri, Redmond R.; Rahman, Md. Mostafizar; Aleem, Muhammad; Balasundram, Siva K.

doi:10.1016/j.atech.2022.100080

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The photosystem converts the photonic energy into chemical types for storage in the plant [144]. Solar radiation usually extends to longer wavelengths, which provides the energy needed for plant growth [65], but excessive heat will increase the internal temperature of the greenhouse, which hurts the conditions for optimizing plant growth; furthermore, plants' photosynthesis usually occurs in wavelengths between 400 and 700 nanometers [52,[145][146][147]. Covering materials on the roof of the greenhouse cause reflection or emission of a part of the sunlight waves to the outside environment.…”

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Physical and Environmental Aspects of Greenhouse Cultivation: A Comprehensive Review of Conventional and Hydroponic Methods

Farvardin,

Taki,

Gorjian

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Population growth has presented several challenges in terms of energy, food supply, and environmental protection. The agricultural industry plays a crucial role in addressing these challenges by implementing innovative technologies that optimize resource utilization, minimize environmental impacts, and increase food production. Among these technologies, greenhouse cultivation systems have garnered substantial attention due to their ability to create a controlled environment for crop growth, resulting in higher yields, improved quality, and reduced water usage. However, it is important to note that greenhouse cultivation technology is also one of the most energy-intensive sectors within agriculture, contributing significantly to global energy consumption. Despite this, the technology remains popular due to its efficiency in optimizing inputs, increasing production per unit area, enabling year-round crop production, and managing unfavorable environmental conditions such as pests, diseases, and extreme weather events. There are two primary greenhouse cultivation systems: conventional and hydroponic methods. Each system has distinct similarities and differences regarding energy consumption, crop production per unit area, and environmental impacts. In this study, we compare conventional and hydroponic greenhouse cultivation, analyzing various inputs such as temperature, light, and energy consumption. Our findings indicate that hydroponic systems, equipped with advanced control equipment and growth mediums, create optimal conditions for plant growth. Also, hydroponics offered 11 ± 1.7 times higher yields but required 82 ± 11 times more energy compared to those conventionally produced in some plant productions. Moreover, specific energy consumption increased by 17% compared to conventional cultivation for some vegetables. This information can be used to optimize energy usage, reduce costs, and promote sustainable crop production, thereby contributing to global food security and environmental sustainability.

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Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Physical and Environmental Aspects of Greenhouse Cultivation: A Comprehensive Review of Conventional and Hydroponic Methods

Farvardin,

Taki,

Gorjian

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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“…In order to ensure that it can be sown every day and harvested every day, 7 groups of hydroponic racks are set up in the 120m2 greenhouse, and each group of hydroponic racks is composed of 4 hydroponic racks with a length of 2m, a width of 0.8m, and a height of 1.8m divided into five layers. The planting area of each group of hydroponic racks is 32m2, 4 kg per square meter of sowing, 7kg of fresh grass per kg of seed, 1000kg of fresh grass per day, and 360,000kg of pasture grass per year, which can be eaten by 400 sheep at the same time [17,18].…”

Section: Hydroponic Herbage Yields Hydroponic and Nutritional Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Application of Factory Hydroponic Technology in Wheatgrass Greenhouse

Tuo

2022

ARTOAJ

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Conversion of farmland to forest is one of the important policies of China's western development strategy, which is of great significance to the protection of ecological environment in western China. In the context of this era, the traditional grazing-based breeding method that the western region has long adhered to needs to be replaced by the factory-based house feeding with large-scale construction of forage bases. On the basis of a self-developed multi-layer three-dimensional intelligent environmental control system, this study comprehensively optimized the temperature and humidity control system, automatic micro-spraying system, intelligent ventilation system and automatic light filling system, so as to develop an efficient wheat hydroponic planting system. Based on the above planting system, it only takes 7 days from sowing to harvesting. The roots, stems and leaves of wheat grains are all fodder, and 7 kilo-grams of green forage grass can be produced by per kilogram of wheat. In addition, through hydroponic transformation of wheat, protein starch, which is difficult or inefficient to be absorbed in the form of wheat seed, can be transformed into easily absorbed amino acids and glucose. Meanwhile, the vitamin content of green feed is significantly increased, which is of great significance to improve the feed biological conversion rate.

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“…Currently, Pakistan is ranked 12th among the most vulnerable countries where agriculture and water resource sectors are significantly influenced by climate change (CC) and it is projected that underdeveloped countries like Pakistan will experience more severe effects on these sectors in upcoming decades [5][6][7]. In these perspectives, climatesmart adaptation strategies are necessary for sustainability in the agriculture sector in terms of food security [8]. Figure 1 shows CC's impact on the agriculture sector and climate-smart adaptation strategies.…”

Section: Introduction 11 Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Energy Powered Smart Irrigation System for Smallholder Farmers: Installation Site and Crop Selection

Aleem,

Sultan,

Imran

et al. 2024

Agricultural Sciences

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In the context of food-energy-water nexus and uncertainties in climate change, hybrid energy powered smart irrigation system (HEPSIS) is an emerging solution for optimizing both energy and water to boost crop yield. In Pakistan, most of the farmers especially smallholder farmers are currently relying on conventional irrigation practices which result in high water consumptions, high energy consumptions (by means of pumping), low crop yields, and net profit. Prior to design/development, installation, and testing of the HEPSIS, it is essential to know a suitable site and potential food/cash crops which will be irrigated. In this regard, the study aims to select installation site and potential crops. Site suitability is explored for Sindh province from viewpoints of Indus Basin Irrigation System mapping, groundwater table depth/quality mapping, land use land cover, and soil classifications. Furthermore, crop selection analyses are performed by means of a screening matrix approach based on stars to identify two potential food and cash crops. As per the results, Badin, Ghotki, Khairpur, Sanghar, Shikarpur, Larkana, and Thatta are selected as some suitable sites for the proposed HEPSIS. Additionally, wheat and rice are selected as potential food crops whereas cotton and sugarcane are selected as potential cash crops.

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Present status and challenges of fodder production in controlled environments: A review

Cited by 20 publications

References 65 publications

Assessing the Physical and Environmental Aspects of Greenhouse Cultivation: A Comprehensive Review of Conventional and Hydroponic Methods

Assessing the Physical and Environmental Aspects of Greenhouse Cultivation: A Comprehensive Review of Conventional and Hydroponic Methods

Research and Application of Factory Hydroponic Technology in Wheatgrass Greenhouse

Hybrid Energy Powered Smart Irrigation System for Smallholder Farmers: Installation Site and Crop Selection

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