Present knowledge of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix

Abstract

A complete review of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements and of the experimental methods for their determination is presented. A critical analysis of the relevant experimental results, and in particular of the most recent ones, allows to improve the accuracies of all the matrix elements. A χ 2 minimization with the three-family unitarity constraint on the CKM matrix is performed to test the current interpretation of the CP violating phenomena inside the Standard Model. A complete and unambiguous solution satisfying all the imposed constraints is found. As a by-product of the fit, the precision on the values of the matrix elements is further increased and it is possible to obtain estimates for the important CP violation observables sin2β, sin2α and γ. Finally, an independent estimation of the CKM elements based on a Bayesian approach is performed. This complementary method constitutes a check of the results obtained, providing also the probability functions of the CKM elements and of the related quantities.

Physics with charm particles produced in neutrino interactions. A historical recollection

“…Measurements of the matrix element V cs with dimuons have been reported by the CDHS, CCFR and CHARM2 Collaborations. Their results have been combined in a review paper of 2000 [106] giving V cs = 1.04±0.16. This value can be compared with the world average V cs =1.023±0.036 computed by the Particle Data Group [105].…”

Calculation of Branching Fraction and CP Violation in \(B^-\rightarrow D_s^-D^0\) Decay

“…where ρ = ρ(1 − 1/2λ 2 ) and η = η(1 − 1/2λ 2 ) [16]. The CKM matrix elements used in this work are obtained by the above calculations as follows (in units of 10 −3 )…”

The slope of the time-dependent asymmetry, Δ YK+K− and Δ Yπ+π−, in D 0 → K + K −and D 0 → π + π − decays

“…In the SM, the CKM quark-mixing matrix is a unitary matrix, in which is introduced by the small value of , l at order 5 l can be parameterized as [23] V…”