Present aspects of induced mutations in plant breeding

Gaul, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00025269

Cited by 61 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Chlorophyll mutation frequency in M 2 generation is the most reliable measure for induced genetic variation. Gustafson (1940) and Gaul (1965) [6] have classified chlorophyll mutations into albina, xantha, chlorina, virdis, maculata, albo-virdis, albo-xantha, striata etc. Though chlorophyll mutations are considered to be less important from crop improvement point of view, still they act as indicators of effectiveness of mutagenic treatments in inducing other mutations observed in M 2 generation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of chlorophyll mutation in M2 generation of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

Julia¹,

Sastry²,

Brajendra³

et al. 2022

Pharma Innovation

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The experiment was carried out during rabi 2018-19 and rabi 19-20 in the experimental field of College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal. Seeds of two genotypes of Indian mustard viz., CAULC-2 (local cultivar) and NRCHB-101 were exposed to three doses (1000, 1100 and 1200 Gy) of gamma rays, three concentrations of ethyl methanesulphonate (0.3, 0.5 and 0.7%) alone and in various combinations (1000Gy + 0.5%, 1100Gy + 0.5% and 1200Gy + 0.5%). Five different types of chlorophyll mutants viz., albina, chlorina, xantha, viridis and alboviridis were isolated from different treatments in M2 generation. Combination treatment of 1100 Gy+ 0.5% EMS produced the highest frequency of chlorophyll mutation in both the genotypes. Alboviridis and viridis types of mutants were more frequent in CAULC-2 and NRCHB-101 respectively, whereas albina type was least frequent in both the genotypes. CAULC-2 was more sensitive to mutagenic treatment as compared to NRCHB-101.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The treated and control material were screened for the frequency of chlorophyll in M 2 generation. Chlorophyll mutations were scored and classified as per Gustafsson (1940) [5] and Gaul (1965) [6] . The spectrum and frequency of chlorophyll mutations for different treatments were computed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of chlorophyll mutation in M2 generation of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

Julia¹,

Sastry²,

Brajendra³

et al. 2022

Pharma Innovation

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“…Unreduced gametes result in plant polyploidy and are used in crop breeding. Polyploidy increases the chromosome number, which helps plants tolerate the mutation by allelic modifications [ 49 , 50 ]. Chromosome deletion-related polyploidy breeding and substitution can produce targeted traits.…”

Section: Role Of Polyploidy In Modern Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetics and Consequences of Polyploidization on Different Biotic-Abiotic Stress Tolerance and the Potential Mechanisms Involved

Mazharul

Deepo

Nasif

et al. 2022

Plants

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The application of polyploidy in sustainable agriculture has already brought much appreciation among researchers. Polyploidy may occur naturally or can be induced in the laboratory using chemical or gaseous agents and results in complete chromosome nondisjunction. This comprehensive review described the potential of polyploidization on plants, especially its role in crop improvement for enhanced production and host-plant resistance development against pests and diseases. An in-depth investigation on techniques used in the induction of polyploidy, cytogenetic evaluation methods of different ploidy levels, application, and current research trends is also presented. Ongoing research has mainly aimed to bring the recurrence in polyploidy, which is usually detected by flow cytometry, chromosome counting, and cytogenetic techniques such as fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Polyploidy can bring about positive consequences in the growth and yield attributes of crops, making them more tolerant to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the unexpected change in chromosome set and lack of knowledge on the mechanism of stress alleviation is hindering the application of polyploidy on a large scale. Moreover, a lack of cost–benefit analysis and knowledge gaps on the socio-economic implication are predominant. Further research on polyploidy coupling with modern genomic technologies will help to bring real-world market prospects in the era of changing climate. This review on polyploidy provides a solid foundation to do next-generation research on crop improvement.

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“…El uso reducido del material mutante se debe a que los primeros trabajos de inducción de mutaciones se basaron en caracteres de herencia cualitativa (Aestveit, 1963); posteriormente, con el uso de la irradiación recurrente se pudo generar y acumular variación (Frydenberg y Sandfaer, 1965;Vasti y Jensen, 1984) de herencia cuantitativa (Daly, 1973;Arias y Frey, 1973;Rao y Reddi, 1975). Otro problema fue la dificultad de detectar y aislar genes de herencia cuantitativa, cuyos efectos son pequeños (Gaul, 1965) pero importantes en el mejoramiento genético de los cultivos. A pesar de esta dificultad, Cervantes et al (1999) lograron aumentar la media y la varianza genética en caracteres cuantitativos de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) y Cervantes y Cervantes (1996) con irradiación recurrente de semilla de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) y selección obtuvieron líneas más rendidoras que la variedad original.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Comportamiento De Cruzas De Maíz Obtenidas Por Irradiación Y Selección

Carrera-Valtierra

Cervantes-Santana

2007

RevFitotecMex

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La inducción de mutaciones se ha usado para incrementar la variabilidad genética y mejorar caracteres de importancia agronómica. En los últimos 15 años se han liberado 1019 variedades que se obtuvieron directamente de mutaciones. En el presente trabajo se evaluaron compuestos de líneas mutantes tropicales (CLMT) obtenidos por irradiación con 60Co en cruzas con compuestos de líneas F1S1 (CLF) obtenidos de híbridos subtropicales, con la finalidad de identificar material útil para el mejoramiento genético de maíz de la región subtropical de México. Los materiales mutantes lograron una mayor varianza de dominancia (σ2D=5.4) en rendimiento de mazorca que los materiales no mutantes. Las cruzas ‘CLMT-27 x CML-311’, ‘(LMT6)S4-bk-1-7-1p-9p x CML-176’ y ‘(LMT-6)S4-bk-1-7-1p-8p x NC-300’, derivadas de material irradiado, produjeron rendimientos de 13.7, 10.8 y 10.0 t ha-1, y fueron estadísticamente iguales (P ≤ 0.05) al mejor testigo ‘Pioneer 30G40’ que rindió 13.7 y 11.2 t ha-1, en dos experimentos. Los compuestos de líneas mutantes ‘CLMT-27’, ‘CLMT-3’ y ‘CLMT-9’ presentaron una media de ACG en rendimiento de 11.7, 9.7 y 9.1 t ha-1, respectivamente, y pueden ser incluidas en programas de mejoramiento genético de maíz.

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Present aspects of induced mutations in plant breeding

Cited by 61 publications

References 39 publications

Assessment of chlorophyll mutation in M2 generation of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

Assessment of chlorophyll mutation in M2 generation of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

Cytogenetics and Consequences of Polyploidization on Different Biotic-Abiotic Stress Tolerance and the Potential Mechanisms Involved

Comportamiento De Cruzas De Maíz Obtenidas Por Irradiación Y Selección

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