“…A strong connection between these different 'fourth generation' facilities is needed to tackle what are becoming joint challenges. Looking even further ahead, a higher diversity of sources including energy-recovery linacs (Shen, 2001), and compact accelerators utilizing high-power laser technologies (Graves et al, 2017), may benefit from such synergies and serve the needs of structural science with both specialized instrumentation for particular types of measurements or test beds for further development. IUCrJ will continue to chart the exciting outcomes emerging from this and future generations of sources.…”