Presence of starch enhances in vitro biodegradation and biocompatibility of a gentamicin delivery formulation

Abstract

The effect of α-amylase degradation on the release of gentamicin from starch-conjugated chitosan microparticles was investigated up to 60 days. Scanning electron microscopic observations showed an increase in the porosity and surface roughness of the microparticles as well as reduced diameters. This was confirmed by 67% weight loss of the microparticles in the presence of α-amylase. Over time, a highly porous matrix was obtained leading to increased permeability and increased water uptake with possible diffusion of gentamicin. Indeed, a faster release of gentamicin was observed with α-amylase. Starch-conjugated chitosan particles are non-toxic and highly biocompatible for an osteoblast (SaOs-2) and fibroblast (L929) cell line as well as adipose-derived stem cells. When differently produced starch-conjugated chitosan particles were tested, their cytotoxic effect on SaOs-2 cells was found to be dependent on the crosslinking agent and on the amount of starch used.

Sustainable Electro-Responsive Semi-Interpenetrating Starch/Ionic Liquid Copolymer Networks for the Controlled Sorption/Release of Biomolecules

“…Previous studies on the influence of starch concentration over cell viability of chitosan-starch microparticles (measured by MTS assay against osteoblast cell line Saos-2) showed a significant increase of 20% in cell viability with starch concentration, which is in agreement with data herein reported. 102 Therefore, and contrary to poly(HEMAco-BVImCl), s-IPNs have the potential to be further optimized for the development of biomaterials with improved biocompatibility and biodegradability envisaged for biomedical/ pharmaceutical applications such as controlled drug delivery devices and/or scaffolds for tissue engineering.…”

Phosphorous pentoxide-free bioactive glass exhibits dose-dependent angiogenic and osteogenic capacities which are retained in glass polymeric composite scaffolds

“…Latex rubber was used to induce cell death (MTT positive control). 34 Untreated cells were used as 100% cell viability (MTT negative control). With the scaffolds, the results were reported as optical density from PCL/52S-BG scaffolds compared to PCL scaffolds used as the control.…”

Designing biopolymer microgels to encapsulate, protect and deliver bioactive components: Physicochemical aspects

“…Microgel particles fabricated from proteins may be digested by proteases in the stomach or small intestine [186][187][188][189], whereas those fabricated from starches may be digested by amylases in the mouth, stomach, or small intestine [190,191]. Conversely, erosion of microgels in the upper GIT can be inhibited by utilizing dietary fibers to fabricate them, since these are resistance the enzymes in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine [23,192].…”