Presence of Selected Methanogens, Fibrolytic Bacteria, and Proteobacteria in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Neonatal Dairy Calves from Birth to 72 Hours

Guzman, Cesar E.; Bereza-Malcolm, Lara; Groef, Bert De; Franks, Ashley E.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133048

Cited by 117 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…2e). In agreement with previous studies 5,18,45,46 , members of these fiberdegrading families appear on the first day of life and increase in relative abundance before the consumption of plant fiber diet. This could suggest a potential inoculation and maintenance mechanism of the rumen ecosystem with these seminal microbial families.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Stochasticity constrained by deterministic effects of diet and age drive rumen microbiome assembly dynamics

et al. 2020

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How complex communities assemble through the animal's life, and how predictable the process is remains unexplored. Here, we investigate the forces that drive the assembly of rumen microbiomes throughout a cow's life, with emphasis on the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes. We analyse the development of the rumen microbiome from birth to adulthood using 16S-rRNA amplicon sequencing data and find that the animals shared a group of core successional species that invaded early on and persisted until adulthood. Along with deterministic factors, such as age and diet, early arriving species exerted strong priority effects, whereby dynamics of late successional taxa were strongly dependent on microbiome composition at early life stages. Priority effects also manifest as dramatic changes in microbiome development dynamics between animals delivered by Csection vs. natural birth, with the former undergoing much more rapid species invasion and accelerated microbiome development. Overall, our findings show that together with strong deterministic constrains imposed by diet and age, stochastic colonization in early life has long-lasting impacts on the development of animal microbiomes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Stochasticity constrained by deterministic effects of diet and age drive rumen microbiome assembly dynamics

et al. 2020

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“…These taxa were present as early as 1 week of age, when calves had been exposed only to liquid feeds, including colostrum and milk. This supports a model of colonization by potentially beneficial digestive bacteria across the calf GIT very early in life, even in the absence of solid dietary substrates (2,3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Bacterial Community Dynamics across the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Dairy Calves during Preweaning Development

Dias

Marcondes

Souza

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Microbial communities play critical roles in the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of preruminant calves by influencing performance and health. However, little is known about the establishment of microbial communities in the calf GIT or their dynamics during development. In this study, next-generation sequencing was used to assess changes in the bacterial communities of the rumen, jejunum, cecum, and colon in 26 crossbred calves at four developmental stages (7, 28, 49, and 63 days old). Alpha diversity differed among GIT regions with the lowest diversity and evenness in the jejunum, whereas no changes in alpha diversity were observed across developmental stage. Beta diversity analysis showed both region and age effects, with low numbers of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) shared between regions within a given age group or between ages in a given region. Taxonomic analysis revealed that several taxa coexisted in the rumen, jejunum, cecum, and colon but that their abundances differed considerably by GIT region and age. As calves aged, we observed lower abundances of taxa such as ,, and with higher abundances of and in the rumen. The jejunum also displayed taxonomic changes with increases in and taxa in older calves. In the lower gut, taxa such as, , and decreased and S24-7, , and increased as calves aged. These data support a model whereby early and successive colonization by bacteria occurs across the GIT of calves and provides insights into the temporal dynamics of the GIT microbiota of dairy calves during preweaning development. The gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of ruminants, such as dairy cows, house complex microbial communities that contribute to their overall health and support their ability to produce milk. For example, the rumen microbiota converts feed into usable nutrients, while the jejunal microbiota provides access to protein. Thus, establishing a properly functioning GIT microbiota in dairy calves is critical to their productivity as adult cows. However, little is known about the establishment, maintenance, and dynamics of the calf GIT microbiota in early life. In this study, we evaluated the bacterial communities in the rumen, jejunum, cecum, and colon in dairy calves across preweaning development and show that they are highly variable early on in life before transitioning to a stable community. Understanding the dairy calf GIT microbiota has implications for ensuring proper health during early life and will aid in efforts to develop strategies for improving downstream production.

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“…The rumen methanogenic communities of newborn calves carry a metabolic potential facilitated by environmental factors A methanogenic community in the rumen at early stages of bovine development has been reported to appear as early as 20 min after birth (Guzman et al, 2015). Nevertheless, questions remain as to whether during the early developmental stages the population is alive and has the potential for methanogenic activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early acquisition and establishment of methanogenic communities in ruminants has been reported to occur a few days after birth (Fonty et al, 1987;Minato et al, 1992;Morvan et al, 1994;Skillman et al, 2004). More recent studies have revealed that methanogenic cells can be found in the calf rumen as early as 20 min after birth (Guzman et al, 2015). However, questions remain as to their actual functionality in the first days of life, their viability and substrate requirements for methanogenesis during the initial stages of rumen colonization, when environmental conditions are vastly different from those of the mature rumen ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional and functional dynamics of the bovine rumen methanogenic community across different developmental stages

Friedman

Jami

Mizrahi

2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Methanogenic archaea in the bovine rumen are responsible for the reduction of carbon molecules to methane, using various electron donors and driving the electron flow across the microbial food webs. Thus, methanogens play a key role in sustaining rumen metabolism and function. Research of rumen methanogenic archaea typically focuses on their composition and function in mature animals, while studies of early colonization and functional establishment remain scarce. Here, we investigated the metabolic potential and taxonomic composition of the methanogenic communities across different rumen developmental stages. We discovered that the methanogenesis process changes with age and that the early methanogenic community is characterized by a high activity of methylotrophic methanogenesis, likely performed by members of the order Methanosarcinales, exclusively found in young rumen. In contrast, higher hydrogenotrophic activity was observed in the mature rumen, where a higher proportion of exclusively hydrogenotrophic taxa are found. These findings suggest that environmental filtering acts on the archaeal communities and select for different methanogenic lineages during different growth stages, affecting the functionality of this ecosystem. This study provides a better understanding of the compositional and metabolic changes that occur in the rumen microbiome from its initial stages of colonization and throughout the animals' life.

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Presence of Selected Methanogens, Fibrolytic Bacteria, and Proteobacteria in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Neonatal Dairy Calves from Birth to 72 Hours

Cited by 117 publications

References 43 publications

Stochasticity constrained by deterministic effects of diet and age drive rumen microbiome assembly dynamics

Stochasticity constrained by deterministic effects of diet and age drive rumen microbiome assembly dynamics

Bacterial Community Dynamics across the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Dairy Calves during Preweaning Development

Compositional and functional dynamics of the bovine rumen methanogenic community across different developmental stages

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