Presence of Rabies Neutralizing Antibodies in Wild Carnivores Following an Outbreak of Bovine Rabies

Lord, Rexford D.; Delpietro, Horacio; Fuenzauda, Eduardo; Diaz, Ana María; Lázaro, Luis

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-11.2.210

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Samples of saliva, serum, salivary glands, brown fat, lung, and muscle of some live bats and all dead bats found inside or near roosts were sent to a laboratory for virological or serological testing (see [28,[34][35][36][37][38]). We also tested samples from other wild animals found sick or dead during outbreaks of vampire bat rabies [39].…”

Section: Rabies Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive seasonality, sex ratio and philopatry in Argentina's common vampire bats

et al. 2017

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Common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) are a key rabies vector in South America. Improved management of this species requires long-term, region-specific information. To investigate patterns of demography and dispersal, we analysed 13 642 captures of common vampire bats in Northern Argentina from the period 1969–2004. In contrast with findings from more tropical regions, we found reproductive seasonality with peak pregnancy in September and peak lactation in February. Curiously, sex ratios were consistently male-biased both in maternity roosts and at foraging sites. Males comprised 57% of 9509 adults caught at night, 57% of 1078 juveniles caught at night, 57% of 603 juveniles caught in roosts during the day, and 55% of 103 newborns and mature fetuses. Most observed roosts were in man-made structures. Movements of 1.5–54 km were most frequent in adult males, followed by young males, adult females and young females. At night, males visited maternity roosts, and non-pregnant, non-lactating females visited bachelor roosts. Males fed earlier in the night. Finally, we report new longevity records for free-ranging vampire bats: 16 and 17 years of age for a female and male, respectively. Our results are consistent with model predictions that sex-biased movements might play a key role in rabies transmission between vampire bat populations.

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Section: Rabies Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive seasonality, sex ratio and philopatry in Argentina's common vampire bats

et al. 2017

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“…Mahan concluded there was no association between the rabies-bat association and rabies associations with carnivores. Lord et al (1975a) surveyed vampire bats and carnivores following an outbreak of rabies in cattle in Argentina. Antibody prevalence in cattle was 33% (n = 48), in vampire bats, 58% (n = 12), in foxes, Dusicyon gymnocercus, 50% (n = 8), and in skunks, Conepatus chinga, 100% (n = 2).…”

Section: Rabies Infoxes In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ecology of Rabies: Evidence of Co-Adaptation

Carey¹,

McLean²

1983

The Journal of Applied Ecology

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. British Ecological Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Applied Ecology. SUMMARY(1) Currently accepted rabies lore suggests that: (a) rabies is a uniformly fatal disease that causes decimating epizootics; (b) the existence of immune subpopulations of hosts and the immunological nature of rabies-virus-inhibiting substances in the blood of wild vertebrates is questionable; and (c) models can explain observed patterns of incidence without consideration of immune subpopulations or co-adaptations between the virus and its hosts.(2) The objective of this paper is to explore the idea that rabies virus does persist in traditional host-parasite relationships that exhibit varying degrees of co-adaptation.(3) Review of the literature is used to summarize current knowledge of the ecology of infectious diseases, the genetics and pathogenesis of rabies virus, the nature of vertebrate immune response to rabies virus under experimental conditions, and the nature of persistent rabies virus-host associations.(4) Unpublished data on rabies virus and immune responses in wild populations of mustelids, canids, marsupials, and bats is presented.(5) It is well documented that: (a) vertebrates can become immune through laboratory exposure to rabies; (b) natural infections can also induce immune responses; (c) rabies-neutralizing substances in some wild vertebrates confer significant resistance to infection.(6) It is shown that rabies virus persists in diverse ecological communities and that patterns of diseases differ among these communities.(7) Differences in patterns include mode of transmission, prevalence of infection, and the proportion of the host population that is immune.(8) Differences in patterns can be related to differences in the host populations, especially differences in population density and life history traits.(9) There is suggestive evidence that: (a) landscape effects (habitat quality and habitat pattern) are important in maintaining persistent virus-host associations; and that (b) rabies is opportunistic, forming dynamic host associations that may change rapidly through time.(10) Consideration of immune subpopulations does not invalidate, but can enhance, mathematical models of patterns of rabies incidence.(11) Improved virological and immunological techniques are now sufficient to permit effective investigation of some heretofore unaddressable aspects of rabies ecology.(12) It is emphasized that current knowledge of rabies ecology is based to a large extent on unverified or anecdotal data and is fragmentary; caution should be used in making assumptions in planning research, choosing control strategies, or formulating models.

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“…Experimental inoculations of foxes (Kovalev et al, 1971;, skunks (Bell and Moore, 1971;Ramsden and Johnston, 1975), predatory birds , and crows (see Section I, herein) have shown the susceptibility of nonmurine species to oral infection. Transmission of rabies through cannibalism and scavenging also has been reported (Winkler et al, 1972;Lord et al, 1975;Gething, 1976;Shah and Jaswal, 1976). Irvin (1970) suggested that transmission of rabies virus by means other than bite is of primary importance in maintaining the virus during the endemic sylvatic cycle of the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Common Crow as a sentinel species of rabies in wildlife populations

Schaefer

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Presence of Rabies Neutralizing Antibodies in Wild Carnivores Following an Outbreak of Bovine Rabies

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Reproductive seasonality, sex ratio and philopatry in Argentina's common vampire bats

Reproductive seasonality, sex ratio and philopatry in Argentina's common vampire bats

The Ecology of Rabies: Evidence of Co-Adaptation

The Common Crow as a sentinel species of rabies in wildlife populations

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