Presence of pores and vacuoles in set endodontic sealers

Abstract

Pores and vacuoles were a consistent finding in set sealers. Their frequency and size depended on the density of the sealer and increased when the sealers contained calcium hydroxide.

Initial In Vitro Biological Response to Contemporary Endodontic Sealers

“…The antibacterial activity that has been demonstrated for AH Plus suggests that components released from the material also may elicit a toxic response (11). Furthermore, the presence of porosities in hand-mixed cements, may favor the release of un-reacted components responsible for toxicity (24).…”

An Ex Vivo Evaluation of a Gutta-Percha Filling Technique When Used with Two Endodontic Sealers: Analysis of the Filling of Main and Lateral Canals

“…Once more, the differing physical properties of the sealer used (32) and its interactions with the gutta-percha brands used (16) need to be taken into account. AH Plus is slightly thixotropic and thermoplastic (19), and it can be hypothesized that AH Plus became more fluid than PCS (EWT) when heated and/or compacted.…”

Influences of the insertion method in glass ionomer cement porosity

“…According Coldebella (2011), and Arcoria and Nomoto and Mccabe (2001) this method favors particle agglutination, reduces the air bubble incorporation, and improves mechanical properties (Arcoria et al, 1992;Coldebella et al, 2011;Nomoto and Mccabe, 2001). The consistency of the material is a characteristic that may also be taken into account since it can influence the amount and size of the material pores (Mutal and Gani, 2005). The more compact the material, the lower is its porosity (Arcoria et al, 1992;Coldebella et al, 2011;Nomoto et al, 2004).…”