Presence of large pumice blocks on Tierra del Fuego and South Shetland Islands shorelines, from 1962 South Sandwich Islands eruption

Risso, Corina; Scasso, Roberto A.; Aparicio, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/s0025-3227(02)00190-1

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Subaqueous eruptions can also lead to pumice rafts, which may persist in the ocean for weeks, months, or years (Simkin and Fiske 1983;Risso et al 2002;Bryan et al 2004). Even in today's modern era of enhanced ocean and atmospheric observation, such occurrences are surprises (BBC News, 10 Aug. 2012).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical approaches to the quantification of dispersed volcanic ash in marine sediment

Scudder

Murray

Schindlbeck

et al. 2016

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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Volcanic ash has long been recognized in marine sediment, and given the prevalence of oceanic and continental arc volcanism around the globe in regard to widespread transport of ash, its presence is nearly ubiquitous. However, the presence/absence of very fine-grained ash material, and identification of its composition in particular, is challenging given its broad classification as an "aluminosilicate" component in sediment. Given this challenge, many studies of ash have focused on discrete layers (that is, layers of ash that are of millimeter-to-centimeter or greater thickness, and their respective glass shards) found in sequences at a variety of locations and timescales and how to link their presence with a number of Earth processes. The ash that has been mixed into the bulk sediment, known as dispersed ash, has been relatively unstudied, yet represents a large fraction of the total ash in a given sequence. The application of a combined geochemical and statistical technique has allowed identification of this dispersed ash as part of the original ash contribution to the sediment. In this paper, we summarize the development of these geochemical/statistical techniques and provide case studies from the quantification of dispersed ash in the Caribbean Sea, equatorial Pacific Ocean, and northwest Pacific Ocean. These geochemical studies (and their sedimentological precursors of smear slides) collectively demonstrate that local and regional arc-related ash can be an important component of sedimentary sequences throughout large regions of the ocean.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical approaches to the quantification of dispersed volcanic ash in marine sediment

Scudder

Murray

Schindlbeck

et al. 2016

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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“…[50] Pumice rafts from the SSI have been reported in Tierra del Fuego, South America, suggesting they can circumnavigate the entire Southern Ocean [Risso et al, 2002]. Breakup of such large blocks produces a constant rainout of smaller particles [Fisher and Schmincke, 1984].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Tephra Transport and Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and significance of ice‐rafted detritus in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean

Nielsen

Hodell

Kamenov

et al. 2007

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Piston core TN057‐14 from the eastern Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean contains several layers rich in volcanic tephra that were deposited during the last glacial period. Comparison with nearby cores (TN057‐13PC4/ODP Site 1094) indicates that these tephra layers are correlative with the South Atlantic (SA) ice‐rafted detritus (IRD) layers identified by Kanfoush et al. (2000, 2002). We analyzed the tephra for major and trace elements as well as isotopic ratios of strontium, neodymium, and lead. The elemental and isotopic composition of all tephra layers examined indicates the South Sandwich Island volcanic arc (SSI) as their dominant source, with minor input from Bouvet Island. Similar analyses of clear mineral grains (mainly feldspars, quartz, and olivine) also point to the SSI as the main source. We conclude that tephra erupted from the SSI was first deposited as air fall on sea ice and multiyear ice and then secondarily rafted to the studied sites. Deposition of the tephra‐rich IRD layers was controlled by changes in sea surface temperature and sea‐ice conditions in the Polar Frontal Zone of the South Atlantic, rather than Antarctic ice sheet dynamics.

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“…Then from 1 to 145 hours density gradually increases (Fig.8). Risso et al (2002) suggested that sinking of pumice is controlled by the length of the c-axis rather than the volume of clast. Some pumice remained afloat for one and half years (Whitham and Sparks, 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Drift pumice in the Central Indian Ocean Basin: Geochemical evidence

Pattan

Mudholkar

Sankar

et al. 2008

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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Abundant white to light grey coloured pumice without ferromanganese oxide coating occurs within the Quaternary sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin. Two distinct groups of pumice are identified from their geochemical composition, which allow one to define two different origins linked to two separate eruptions. One group of pumice is a dacitic type characterized by high Fe, Ti, Mg, Al and Ca with comparatively low contents of Si, rare earth elements (Σ REE-69 ppm), Rb, Sr, U, Th, Ba, V, Nb, Sc, Mo and Co which strongly suggest an origin from the 1883 Krakatau eruption. The other group is rhyolitic and is characterized by low contents of Fe, Ti, Mg and Ca and high Si , ΣREE content (121 ppm), Rb, Sr, U, Th, Ba, V, Nb, Mo, Co, and Sc and correlates well with the composition of the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) eruption of ~ 74 ka from Northern Sumatra and is being reported for the first time. Therefore, correlation of the pumice to the 1883 Krakatau and YTT eruptions indicates that the pumice drifted to the Central Indian Ocean Basin and eventually sank when it became waterlogged. However, physical properties such as density, specific gravity, porosity and degree of saturation required for sinking of pumice for both 1883 Krakatau and YTT are almost similar.

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Presence of large pumice blocks on Tierra del Fuego and South Shetland Islands shorelines, from 1962 South Sandwich Islands eruption

Cited by 49 publications

References 12 publications

Geochemical approaches to the quantification of dispersed volcanic ash in marine sediment

Geochemical approaches to the quantification of dispersed volcanic ash in marine sediment

Origin and significance of ice‐rafted detritus in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean

Drift pumice in the Central Indian Ocean Basin: Geochemical evidence

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