Presence of Indole Compound in Nematode Galls

Balasubramanian, M.; Rangaswami, G.

doi:10.1038/194774a0

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These observations supported the idea of a functional role for auxin in nematode feeding sites (Hutangura et al, 1999). Indeed, measurements of auxin levels in galls induced by root-knot nematodes revealed higher auxin concentrations (Balasubramanian and Rangaswami, 1962;Bird, 1962) or a different composition of indole compounds compared to surrounding tissues (Yu and Viglierchio, 1964;Viglierchio and Yu, 1968). The locally increased levels can be explained by retention of phytohormones in the nematode feeding site or by a stimulus from the nematode that releases the hormone from its inactive conjugated form.…”

Section: Non-protein Signalssupporting

confidence: 55%

Secretions of plant-parasitic nematodes: a molecular update

Vanholme

Meutter

Tytgat

et al. 2004

Gene

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Non-protein Signalssupporting

confidence: 55%

Secretions of plant-parasitic nematodes: a molecular update

Vanholme

Meutter

Tytgat

et al. 2004

Gene

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…leaves (Goodey 1948; for review see Grunewald et al 2009a; Gutierrez et al 2009; Kazan and Manners 2009). Balasubramanian and Rangaswami (1962) identified indole precursors of auxin in nematode galls of Meloidogyne javanica. When auxin (NAA) was applied to peach resistant to M. javanica, they became susceptible (Kochba and Samish 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered resistance and hypersusceptibility through functional metabolic studies of 100 genes in soybean to its major pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode

Matthews

Beard

MacDonald

et al. 2013

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During pathogen attack, the host plant induces genes to ward off the pathogen while the pathogen often produces effector proteins to increase susceptibility of the host. Gene expression studies of syncytia formed in soybean root by soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) identified many genes altered in expression in resistant and susceptible roots. However, it is difficult to assess the role and impact of these genes on resistance using gene expression patterns alone. We selected 100 soybean genes from published microarray studies and individually overexpressed them in soybean roots to determine their impact on cyst nematode development. Nine genes reduced the number of mature females by more than 50 % when overexpressed, including genes encoding ascorbate peroxidase, β-1,4-endoglucanase, short chain dehydrogenase, lipase, DREPP membrane protein, calmodulin, and three proteins of unknown function. One gene encoding a serine hydroxymethyltransferase decreased the number of mature cyst nematode females by 45 % and is located at the Rhg4 locus. Four genes increased the number of mature cyst nematode females by more than 200 %, while thirteen others increased the number of mature cyst nematode females by more than 150 %. Our data support a role for auxin and ethylene in susceptibility of soybean to cyst nematodes. These studies highlight the contrasting gene sets induced by host and nematode during infection and provide new insights into the interactions between host and pathogen at the molecular level. Overexpression of some of these genes result in a greater decrease in the number of cysts formed than recognized soybean cyst nematode resistance loci.

show abstract

“…Auxin is involved in almost every aspect of plant development and is the rooting hormone par excellence (for review, see Grunewald et al, 2007). The idea that auxin could be involved in the nematode infection process was launched as early as the 1960s (Balasubramanian and Rangaswami, 1962;Bird, 1962;Yu and Viglierchio, 1964;Cutler and Krusberg, 1968). Since then, an increasing amount of information points toward an important role for auxin in NFS establishment (Kochba and Samish, 1971;Glazer et al, 1986;Goverse et al, 2000).…”

Section: Is Wrky23 a Negative Regulator Of Basal Defense Or Is Its Exmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Role for AtWRKY23 in Feeding Site Establishment of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the interaction between sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes and their host, complex morphological and physiological changes occur in the infected plant tissue, finally resulting in the establishment of a nematode feeding site. This cellular transformation is the result of altered plant gene expression most likely induced by proteins injected in the plant cell by the nematode. Here, we report on the identification of a WRKY transcription factor expressed during nematode infection. Using both promoter-reporter gene fusions and in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we could show that AtWRKY23 is expressed during the early stages of feeding site establishment. Knocking down the expression of WRKY23 resulted in lower infection of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. WRKY23 is an auxin-inducible gene and in uninfected plants WRKY23 acts downstream of the Aux/IAA protein SLR/IAA14. Although auxin is known to be involved in feeding site formation, our results suggest that, during early stages, auxin-independent signals might be at play to activate the initial expression of WRKY23.

show abstract

Presence of Indole Compound in Nematode Galls

Cited by 40 publications

References 3 publications

Secretions of plant-parasitic nematodes: a molecular update

Secretions of plant-parasitic nematodes: a molecular update

Engineered resistance and hypersusceptibility through functional metabolic studies of 100 genes in soybean to its major pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode

A Role for AtWRKY23 in Feeding Site Establishment of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About