Presence of <i>Tropheryma whipplei</i> in Different Body Sites in a Cohort of Healthy Subjects

Qin, Shulin; Clausen, Emily; Lucht, Lorrie; Michael, Heather; Beck, James M.; Curtis, Jeffrey L.; Freeman, Christine M.; Morris, Alison

doi:10.1164/rccm.201601-0162le

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…whipplei colonization, lung and systemic inflammation and pulmonary dysfunction in HIV-infected individuals. These results add to prior work conducted in HIV-uninfected individuals and animal studies[ 12 , 27 ]. We previously showed that T .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In this study, we detected a higher frequency (43.4%) of T . whipplei colonization in the lungs of HIV-infected individuals compared to the 18.5% frequency in healthy individuals reported previously using PCR [ 27 ]. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, frequency of T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…whipplei was detectable in the lung in HIV-uninfected healthy individuals, but there was not a significant association between presence of T . whipplei and decreased pulmonary function [ 27 ]. Sze and colleagues have detected T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we do not see any trend towards differences in pulmonary function with colonization. There is not a strict definition of a large bronchoscopy study although given the difficulties and expense associated with research bronchoscopy, 76 participants are bigger than many prior studies [ 11 , 27 ]. In addition, selection of different inflammatory markers might have shown a relationship to T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropheryma whipplei colonization in HIV-infected individuals is not associated with lung function or inflammation

et al. 2018

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Studies demonstrate that Tropheryma whipplei (T. whipplei) is present in the lungs of healthy individuals without acute respiratory symptoms or acute respiratory infection and is more common in the lungs of HIV-infected individuals and in smokers. The impact of T. whipplei colonization in the lung on local inflammation and pulmonary dysfunction in HIV-infected individuals is currently unknown. In this study, we performed specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing for T. whipplei in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and induced sputum (IS) samples in 76 HIV-infected participants from three clinical sites. Pulmonary function and proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in BAL were measured. Frequency of T. whipplei in either BAL or IS was 43.4%. The sensitivity and specificity of IS compared to BAL for detection of T. whipplei was 92.3% and 84.2%, respectively, and isolates of T. whipplei in the BAL and IS in the same subject shared genetic identity. Pulmonary function measures were not associated with T. whipplei colonization, and proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in BAL and plasma as well as percentages of inflammatory cells in BAL and IS were not higher in colonized individuals. Overall, these results indicate that T. whipplei colonization in the lung is common, but may not be associated with decreased pulmonary function or inflammation in HIV-infected individuals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropheryma whipplei colonization in HIV-infected individuals is not associated with lung function or inflammation

et al. 2018

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“…We are confident in the results because these studies were conducted on large populations including controls, because the detection of T. whipplei was considered after at least two positive specific qPCR tests, and because stringent protocols, including positive and negative controls, were used [38]. Nevertheless, our results are supported by the fact that other teams have also detected T. whipplei using different techniques whether in gastroenteritis [15], pneumonia and lung carriage, or other airway involvements [27,33,35,39]. Interestingly, a key issue to underline remains interpretation of the results of such studies when a same pathogen is associated with both colonization and infections.…”

Section: • Other Lung and Airways Involvements Associated With Tropherymentioning

confidence: 54%

Acute Infections Caused by Tropheryma Whipplei

2017

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Tropheryma whipplei is the causative bacterium of Whipple's disease. Its first culture has led to an enlargement of the field of the caused infections. Here, we comprehensively review acute T. whipplei infections. In a cohort study featuring 4000 children, T. whipplei was significantly more common in patients with diarrhea (4%) than in those without (1.7%). A case–controlled study highlighted 58 patients suffering from pneumonia with the detection of T. whipplei in their bronchoalveolar fluids. Finally, a recent study detected T. whipplei in the blood of 36 febrile patients experiencing pulmonary symptoms in a rural area of Senegal. T. whipplei is definitively an agent of acute gastroenteritis, a cause of nonmalarial fever in Africa, and probably a cause of pulmonary infections.

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Metagenomic sequencing and evaluation of the host response in the pediatric aerodigestive population

Gatcliffe

Rao

Brigger

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Objectives: To assess the diagnostic utility of metagenomic sequencing in pediatric aerodigestive clinic patients being evaluated for chronic aspiration. We hypothesize that using a metagenomics platform will aid in the identification of microbes not found on standard culture. Study Design and Methods: Twenty-four children referred to an aerodigestive clinic were enrolled in a prospective, single-site, cross-sectional cohort study. At the time of clinical evaluation under anesthesia, two samples were obtained: an upper airway sample and a sample from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Samples were sent for routine culture and analyzed using Explify® Respiratory, a CLIA Laboratory Developed Test which identifies respiratory commensals and pathogens through RNA and DNA sequencing. Since RNA was sequenced in the course of the metagenomic analysis to identify organisms (RNA viruses and bacteria), the sequencing approach also captured host derived messenger RNA during sample analysis. This incidentally obtained host transcriptomic data were analyzed to evaluate the host immune response. The results of these studies were correlated with the clinical presentation of the research subjects. Results: In 10 patients, organisms primarily associated with oral flora were identified in the BAL. Standard culture was negative in three patients where clinical metagenomics led to a result with potential clinical significance. Transcriptomic data correlated with the presence or absence of dysphagia as identified on prior videofluoroscopic evaluation of swallowing. Conclusions: Clinical metagenomics allows for simultaneous analysis of the microbiota and the host immune response from BAL samples. As the technologies in this field continue to advance, such testing may improve the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected chronic aspiration.

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Presence of Tropheryma whipplei in Different Body Sites in a Cohort of Healthy Subjects

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Tropheryma whipplei colonization in HIV-infected individuals is not associated with lung function or inflammation

Tropheryma whipplei colonization in HIV-infected individuals is not associated with lung function or inflammation

Acute Infections Caused by Tropheryma Whipplei

Metagenomic sequencing and evaluation of the host response in the pediatric aerodigestive population

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