Presence of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> in the throat in invasive Group A Streptococcal disease: a prospective two-year study in two health districts, Finland

Kailankangas, Ville; Vilhonen, Johanna; Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksela, Kirsi; Rantakokko‐Jalava, Kaisu; Seiskari, Tapio; Auranen, Kari; Lönnqvist, Emilia; Virolainen, Mirva; Hyyryläinen, Hanne‐Leena; Oksi, Jarmo; Syrjänen, Jaana; Vuopio, Jaana

doi:10.1080/23744235.2023.2192287

Infectious Diseases

2023

DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2023.2192287

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Presence of Streptococcus pyogenes in the throat in invasive Group A Streptococcal disease: a prospective two-year study in two health districts, Finland

Ville Kailankangas

Johanna Vilhonen

Kirsi Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksela

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 7 publications

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Group A Streptococcal meningitis in children: a short case series and systematic review

Dou,

Li,

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Background Group A streptococcal(GAS) meningitis is a severe disease with a high case fatality rate. In the era of increasing GAS meningitis, our understanding about this disease is limited. Purpose To gain a better understanding about GAS meningitis. Methods Five new cases with GAS meningitis were reported. GAS meningitis related literatures were searched for systematic review in PUBMED and EMBASE. Case reports and case series on paediatric cases were included. Information on demographics, risk factors, symptoms, treatments, outcomes, and emm types of GAS was summarized. Results Totally 263 cases were included. Among 100 individuals, 9.9% (8/81) had prior varicella, 11.1% (9/81) had anatomical factors, and 53.2% (42/79) had extracranial infections. Soft tissue infections were common among infants (10/29, 34.5%), while ear/sinus infections were more prevalent in children ≥ 3 years (21/42, 50.0%). The overall case fatality rate (CFR) was 16.2% (12/74). High risk of death was found in patients with shock or systemic complications, young children(< 3 years) and cases related to hematogenic spread. The predominate cause of death was shock(6/8). Among the 163 patients included in case series studies, ear/sinus infections ranged from 21.4 to 62.5%, while STSS/shock ranged from 12.5 to 35.7%, and the CFR ranged from 5.9 to 42.9%. Conclusions A history of varicella, soft tissue infections, parameningeal infections and CSF leaks are important clinical clues to GAS in children with meningitis. Young children and hematogenic spread related cases need to be closely monitored for shock due to the high risk of death.

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Group A Streptococcal meningitis in children: a short case series and systematic review

Dou,

Li,

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Low expression of the CCL5 gene and low serum concentrations of CCL5 in severe invasive group a streptococcal disease

Kailankangas,

Katayama,

Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksela

et al. 2024

Infection

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Purpose Our objective was to elucidate host dependent factors of disease severity in invasive group A Streptococcal disease (iGAS) using transcriptome profiling of iGAS cases of varying degrees of severity at different timepoints. To our knowledge there are no previous transcriptome studies in iGAS patients. Methods We recruited iGAS cases from June 2018 to July 2020. Whole blood samples for transcriptome analysis and serum for biomarker analysis were collected at three timepoints representing the acute (A), the convalescent (B) and the post-infection phase (C). Gene expression was compared against clinical traits and disease course. Serum chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5, an inflammatory cytokine) concentration was also measured. Results Forty-five patients were enrolled. After disqualifying degraded or impure RNAs we had 34, 31 and 21 subjects at timepoints A, B, and C, respectively. Low expression of the CCL5 gene correlated strongly with severity (death or need for intensive care) at timepoint A (AUC = 0.92), supported by low concentrations of CCL5 in sera. Conclusions Low gene expression levels and low serum concentration of CCL5 in the early stages of an iGAS infection were associated with a more severe disease course. CCL5 might have potential as a predictor of disease severity. Summary Low expression of genes of cytotoxic immunity, especially CCL5, and corresponding low serum concentrations of CCL5 associated with a severe disease course, i.e. death, or need for intensive care, in early phase of invasive group A Streptococcal disease.

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Epidemiological changes in invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection during the UK alert period: A molecular comparative analysis from a tertiary Spanish hospital in 2023

Maldonado-Barrueco,

Bloise,

Cendejas-Bueno

et al. 2024

Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica

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Presence of Streptococcus pyogenes in the throat in invasive Group A Streptococcal disease: a prospective two-year study in two health districts, Finland

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Group A Streptococcal meningitis in children: a short case series and systematic review

Group A Streptococcal meningitis in children: a short case series and systematic review

Low expression of the CCL5 gene and low serum concentrations of CCL5 in severe invasive group a streptococcal disease

Epidemiological changes in invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection during the UK alert period: A molecular comparative analysis from a tertiary Spanish hospital in 2023

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