Presence of disinfectant resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from retail meats in the USA

Zou, Likou; Meng, Jianghong; McDermott, Patrick F.; Wang, Fei; Yang, Qianru; Cao, Guojie; Hoffmann, Maria; Zhao, Shaohua

doi:10.1093/jac/dku197

Cited by 91 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Investigations of bacterial strains recovered from the field have yielded some evidence of associations between biocide use and reduced susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents. Elevated MIC values for QACs were frequently observed among E. coli recovered from meat in the United States, where such agents commonly are used as sanitizers (Zou et al., ). A strong association was found between the frequent disinfection of pens and colonization of nursery piglets with MRSA, with isolates universally encoding genes ( qac, smr ) responsible for reduced susceptibility to QACs (Slifierz, Friendship, & Weese, ).…”

Section: Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Davies

Wales

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

111

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Resistance to therapeutic antimicrobial agents is recognized as a growing problem for both human and veterinary medicine, and the need to address the issue in both of these linked domains is a current priority in public policy. Efforts to limit antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on farms have so far focused on control of the supply and use of antimicrobial drugs, plus husbandry measures to reduce infectious disease. In the United Kingdom and some other countries, substantial progress has been made recently against targets on agricultural antimicrobial drug use. However, evidence suggests that resistant pathogenic and commensal bacteria can persist and spread within and between premises despite declining or zero antimicrobial drug use. Reasons for this are likely complex and varied but may include: bacterial adaptations to ameliorate fitness costs associated with maintenance and replication of resistance genes and associated proteins, horizontal transmission of genetic resistance determinants between bacteria, physical transfer of bacteria via movement (of animals, workers, and equipment), ineffective cleaning and disinfection, and co‐selection of resistance to certain drugs by use of other antimicrobials, heavy metals, or biocides. Areas of particular concern for public health include extended‐spectrum cephalosporinases and fluoroquinolone resistance among Enterobacteriaceae, livestock‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and the emergence of transmissible colistin resistance. Aspects of biosecurity have repeatedly been identified as risk factors for the presence of AMR on farm premises, but there are large gaps in our understanding of the most important risk factors and the most effective interventions. The present review aims to summarize the present state of knowledge in this area, from a European perspective.

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Section: Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Davies

Wales

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

111

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“…41 DNA template was prepared by suspending an overnight culture in 600 ml of reagent grade water. The suspensions were heated at 100°C for 10 min and centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 5 min.…”

Section: Detection Of Qac Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39 With the exception of the mdfA gene, which belongs to the major facilitator super family, other genes observed are members of the small multidrug resistance (MDR) family. 1,41 Some reports also indicated that the widespread use of QACs in hospitals, healthcare facilities, food industries, and environment may contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant microbes. 3,19 Previous studies showed that disinfectant resistance genes, qacE, qacEÄ 1, qacF, qacG, and sugE(p), are located in mobile genetic elements and linked (coexist) with different antibiotic resistance genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic and Disinfectant Resistance ofEscherichia coliIsolated from Retail Meats in Sichuan, China

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2016

Microbial Drug Resistance

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To demonstrate the resistance of antibiotics and disinfectants to Escherichia coli isolates, 255 E. coli strains were isolated from 328 retail meat samples in this study. Susceptibility testing results showed that 85.5% isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic drug. The E. coli isolates showed the highest resistance to sulfamethoxazole (61.6%), followed by tetracycline (61.2%), ampicillin (48.2%), cefalotin (29.8%), and kanamycin (22.4%). The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the disinfectants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, N,N-didecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and cetylpyridinium chloride for E. coli were 16-1,024, 4-1,024, 16-512, and 8-512 mg/L, respectively. The emrE, ydgE/ydgF, mdfA, and sugE(c) genes were commonly present (53.7-83.1%), but the qac and sugE(p) genes were less prevalent (0.0-14.9%). The qac genes were highly associated with antimicrobial resistance. Conjugative transfer experiment indicated that the disinfectant resistance genes, qacF, sugE(p), and qacEΔ1, were located on conjugative plasmids. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that the antimicrobial-resistant isolates were associated with the sampling supermarkets or groceries. This study indicated that using quaternary ammonium compounds to decontaminate food processing environments may be ineffective and even provide a selective pressure for strains with acquired resistance to other antimicrobials.

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“…These different potential sources include personnel, equipment and surfaces and provide one possible explanation for the differences in resistance which can be observed when comparing bacteria from animals and bacteria from meat derived from those animals. In particular, indirect selection for bacterial sub-populations, in the immediate environment and on equipment and surfaces of the production line, following exposure to antibacterial substances other than pharmaceuticals, could result in a decrease in susceptibility to antimicrobials (Zou et al, 2014).…”

Section: Rationale For the Analysis Of Consumption And Resistance In mentioning

confidence: 99%

ECDC/EFSA/EMA first joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals

2015

EFSA Journal

140

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The ECDC, the EFSA and the EMA have for the first time jointly explored associations between consumption of antimicrobials in humans and food‐producing animals, and antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food‐producing animals, using 2011 and 2012 data currently available from their relevant five EU monitoring networks. Combined data on antimicrobial consumption and corresponding resistance in animals and humans for EU MSs and reporting countries were analysed using logistic regression models for selected combinations of bacteria and antimicrobials. A summary indicator of the proportion of resistant bacteria in the main food‐producing animal species was calculated for the analysis, as consumption data in food‐producing animals were not available at the species level. Comparison of antimicrobial consumption data in animals and humans in 2012, both expressed in milligrams per kilogram of estimated biomass, revealed that overall antimicrobial consumption was higher in animals than in humans, although contrasting situations were observed between countries. The consumption of several antimicrobials extensively used in animal husbandry was higher in animals than in humans, while consumption of antimicrobials critically important for human medicine (such as fluoroquinolones and 3rd‐ and 4th‐generation cephalosporins) was higher in humans. In both humans and animals, positive associations between consumption of antimicrobials and the corresponding resistance in bacteria were observed for most of the combinations investigated. In some cases, a positive association was also found between antimicrobial consumption in animals and resistance in bacteria from humans. While highlighting findings of concern, these results should be interpreted with caution owing to current data limitations and the complexity of the AMR phenomenon, which is influenced by several factors besides antimicrobial consumption. Recommendations to address current data limitations for analyses of this type were identified. In any case, responsible use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals should be promoted.

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Presence of disinfectant resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from retail meats in the USA

Cited by 91 publications

References 35 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Antibiotic and Disinfectant Resistance ofEscherichia coliIsolated from Retail Meats in Sichuan, China

ECDC/EFSA/EMA first joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals

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