Presence of dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, macrophages, B lymphocytes and glandular tissue in the human fetal larynx

Dietrich, Claudia U.; Jecker, Peter; Tschernig, Thomas; Mann, Wolf J.

doi:10.1080/00016480410018269

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Our fmdings thus appear to differ from those of previous reports on the ontogeny of dendritic cells in the human lung. Although these studies [22][23][24] were mainly Table 1. * indicates P < 0.01 versus control (noninfected); , P < 0.05 versus corresponding control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Dendritic Cells in Lungs of Preterm Infants: Neglected Participants in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?

et al. 2011

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Preterm infants are at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by disrupted alveolar remodeling and microvascular dysangiogenesis. The pathogenesis of BPD is multifactorial, with contributions from antenatal and/or postnatal infection and inflammation. The potential role of dendritic cells, critical immune regulatory cells with potent angiogenic activities, remains undetermined. We studied the prevalence and topography of dendritic cells in postmortem lungs of short- and long-term ventilated preterm infants born between 23 and 29 weeks in gestation. Controls were age-matched infants who had lived less than 12 hours. Dendritic cells were identified by anti-DC-SIGN immunohistochemistry and were co-localized with endothelial and smooth muscle cells by double immunofluorescence. Lungs of early and late control infants without evidence of antenatal infection contained scattered DC-SIGN-positive dendritic cells in the peripheral lung parenchyma. Lungs of early control infants with a history of chorioamnionitis/antenatal infection and lungs of short- or long-term ventilated preterm infants showed a dramatic (more than 3-fold) increase in dendritic cells. Double labeling highlighted a close association between dendritic cells and small- or medium-sized pulmonary vessels. In conclusion, we demonstrated that dendritic cells are an integral component of normal postcanalicular lung development. Antenatal infection and ventilation/BPD are associated with significant pulmonary recruitment of dendritic cells. The recently described angiogenic effects of dendritic cells and their intimate association with the pulmonary microvasculature indicate that dendritic cells may participate in BPD-associated dysangiogenesis. Elucidation of the role of this immunovascular axis may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to BPD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Dendritic Cells in Lungs of Preterm Infants: Neglected Participants in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?

et al. 2011

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“…DC, NK cells and T- and B-cells are the most frequent in the subglottis and rarest in the vibratory vocal fold area while granulocytes and macrophages are evenly distributed throughout the whole laryngeal mucosa. In human fetal larynges, DC, T- and B-cells and macrophages are present in the ventricular folds and subglottis, but not the glottis21. γδ-T cells, which are often referred to as ‘intraepithelial lymphocytes’ (IELs) and appear to play an important role in local responses in the skin and bowel, are very rarely observed in any layer in the larynx.…”

Section: Haemopoietic Cells In the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

At the crossroads: mucosal immunology of the larynx

et al. 2009

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The larynx sits at the crossroads between gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Besides its intrinsic importance in breathing, swallowing and voice production, the larynx is also exposed to unique immunological challenges. Given the propensity of chronic inflammatory conditions such as chronic laryngitis, which affects up to 20% of Western populations, it is perhaps surprising that our understanding of the immunology of this organ remains relatively limited. However, recent work on the immunological architecture of the laryngeal mucosa, and its changes that result from external challenges and inflammatory conditions, provided valuable insight into the fascinating immunology of this organ. The lessons learnt from these investigations may go beyond devising improved therapy for chronic laryngeal inflammation. Establishing whether and how the laryngeal mucosa may be involved in the modulation of wider mucosal responses may provide novel routes to the treatment of other inflammatory diseases of the respiratory and alimentary tracts such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease.

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“…So far no data on NALT formation during embryogenesis in humans are available, but in rats and mice NALT has been observed only postnatally [4,8]. In fetal human larynges there is only a scattered distribution of immunocompetentcells, but no organized LALT [9]. BALT is sometimes present in the fetus, but associated mainly with infections, and develops after birth [2,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coincidence of different structures of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the respiratory tract of children: no indications for enhanced mucosal immunostimulation in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Debertin

Tschernig

Schürmann

et al. 2006

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryMucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is the principal inductive site for mucosal immune responses that are capable of T and B cell responses and antigen-specific responses. In previous independent studies different structures of MALT, e.g. bronchus-, larynx-and nose-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT, LALT, NALT) have been described separately in various frequencies in the human respiratory tract over life spans. Because upper respiratory tract infections are common in infants, dysregulations of mucosal immune responses might be seriously involved in the aetiology of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). In the present study the coincidental occurrence of the three different MALT structures in the respiratory tract within the same patients were studied, and cases of SIDS and children who had died from different traumatic and natural causes of death (non-SIDS) were compared. First, the frequency of BALT and LALT in 46 children (35 SIDS, 11 non-SIDS) with or without NALT were examined. A tendency was found of a coincidence of respiratory MALT structures. In 50 additional cases of infant death (30 SIDS, 20 non-SIDS) from the multi-centric German Study on Sudden InfantDeath Syndrome (GeSID) where death had occurred in the first year of life, the coincidence was evaluated. A coincidental occurrence of BALT, LALT and NALT or BALT and LALT (each about 30%) was found in both groups, whereby the coincidence in SIDS and the control patients did not differ. Interestingly, the children with coincidental MALT were strikingly older, supporting the hypothesis of respiratory MALT formation via environmental stimulation over time.

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Presence of dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, macrophages, B lymphocytes and glandular tissue in the human fetal larynx

Abstract: Essential cell populations of a mucosa-associated immune system for the initiation of an immune response may exist in the human larynx at birth.

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Pulmonary Dendritic Cells in Lungs of Preterm Infants: Neglected Participants in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?

Pulmonary Dendritic Cells in Lungs of Preterm Infants: Neglected Participants in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?

At the crossroads: mucosal immunology of the larynx

Coincidence of different structures of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the respiratory tract of children: no indications for enhanced mucosal immunostimulation in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

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