Presence of Clostridium difficile in pigs and cattle intestinal contents and carcass contamination at the slaughterhouse in Belgium

Rodríguez, C.; Avesani, Véronique; Broeck, Johan Van; Taminiau, Bernard; Delmée, Michel; Daube, Georges

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.017

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…RT014 is the most common RT infecting humans in Australia (31) and in many countries in Europe, where it is also a leading cause of disease in the community (15). RT014 previously has been found in very small numbers in older cattle in Belgium (36) and in horses, domestic pets, and livestock in the Netherlands (37) and in retail meat in North America (38). The prevalence of RT014 reported in our study was higher than those of these earlier studies, 23.4% versus 1 to 2%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nationwide Surveillance Study of Clostridium difficile in Australian Neonatal Pigs Shows High Prevalence and Heterogeneity of PCR Ribotypes

Knight

Squire

Riley

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Clostridium difficile is an important enteric pathogen of humans and the cause of diarrhea and enteritis in neonatal pigs. Outside Australia, prevalence in piglets can be up to 73%, with a single PCR ribotype (RT), 078, predominating. We investigated the prevalence and genotype of C. difficile in Australian pig herds. Rectal swabs (n ‫؍‬ 229) were collected from piglets aged <7 days from 21 farms across Australia. Selective culture for C. difficile was performed and isolates characterized by PCR for toxin genes and PCR ribotyping. C. difficile was isolated from 52% of samples by direct culture on chromogenic agar and 67% by enrichment culture (P ‫؍‬ 0.001). No association between C. difficile recovery or genotype and diarrheic status of either farm or piglets was found. The majority (87%; 130/154) of isolates were toxigenic. Typing revealed 23 different RTs, several of which are known to cause disease in humans, including RT014, which was isolated most commonly (23%; 36/154). RT078 was not detected. This study shows that colonization of Australian neonatal piglets with C. difficile is widespread in the herds sampled.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nationwide Surveillance Study of Clostridium difficile in Australian Neonatal Pigs Shows High Prevalence and Heterogeneity of PCR Ribotypes

Knight

Squire

Riley

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The C. difficile housekeeping gene, tpi, was found in four out of one hundred veal calf carcass swabs before decontamination [19]. In a transversal study carried out in Belgium, C. difficile was isolated from 9.9% intestinal and 7.9% carcass samples from slaughtered cattle [28]. Again, the geographic origin of the animals, the hygiene procedures adopted at the slaughterhouse or the prevalence of colonization before slaughter, could have influenced the C. difficile carcass contamination [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors associated with Clostridium difficile shedding in veal calves in Italy

et al. 2015

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“…A bacterial competition in the enrichment broth has been observed [164]. In a previous study on carcasses and faecal samples [116], after 30 days of enrichment, different C. difficile types were identified, and colonies other than C. difficile were rarely present in the plate. However, the enrichment of samples is a time-consuming technique for laboratory purposes and might not be worth the slight increase in sensitivity observed.…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of CDImentioning

confidence: 93%

Clostridium difficile infection: Early history, diagnosis and molecular strain typing methods

Rodríguez

Broeck

Taminiau

et al. 2016

Microbial Pathogenesis

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a b s t r a c tRecognised as the leading cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) remains high despite efforts to improve prevention and reduce the spread of the bacterium in healthcare settings. In the last decade, many studies have focused on the epidemiology and rapid diagnosis of CDI. In addition, different typing methods have been developed for epidemiological studies. This review explores the history of C. difficile and the current scope of the infection. The variety of available laboratory tests for CDI diagnosis and strain typing methods are also examined.

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Presence of Clostridium difficile in pigs and cattle intestinal contents and carcass contamination at the slaughterhouse in Belgium

Cited by 64 publications

References 35 publications

Nationwide Surveillance Study of Clostridium difficile in Australian Neonatal Pigs Shows High Prevalence and Heterogeneity of PCR Ribotypes

Nationwide Surveillance Study of Clostridium difficile in Australian Neonatal Pigs Shows High Prevalence and Heterogeneity of PCR Ribotypes

Prevalence and risk factors associated with Clostridium difficile shedding in veal calves in Italy

Clostridium difficile infection: Early history, diagnosis and molecular strain typing methods

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