Presence of Chondroid Tissue in the Symphyseal Region of the Growing Human Mandible

Goret-Nicaise, M.; Dhem, Antoine

doi:10.1159/000145554

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This demonstrates one of the difficulties when studying CB. Nevertheless, here, we report for the first time the presence of CB (synonymous with the "chondroid tissue" sensu Goret-Nicaise and Dhem, 1982;andLengelé et al, 1990, 1996) in some non-avian dinosaurs (Ornithischia, Hadrosauridae). The identification of this tissue was made possible by means of paleohistological examination under natural light (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…For example, 'chondroid tissue' was recently described during the formation of the notochord of some geckos (Jonasson et al, 2012). However, its mode of formation (differentiating from the chordoid tissue of the notochord) is very different from that of 'chondroid tissue' sensu Goret- Nicaise and Dhem (1982) and these studies designate two different tissues. This demonstrates one of the difficulties when studying CB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the extent of calcification of CB and woven bone are similar, CB is more mineralized than lamellar bone but less mineralized than calcified cartilage (Goret-Nicaise and Dhem, 1985). Curiously, it has a unique mode of calcification, different from that of bone and cartilage: it calcifies centripetally around the cell lacunae and irregularly (Goret-Nicaise and Dhem, 1982). Note that this unique calcification has been reported in humans and chick embryos, but it might not be true for all vertebrates.…”

Section: Generalities About Chondroid Bonementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore, it is important to note that it might be difficult to accurately review where chondroid bone has been found in some instances (but see next paragraph, and Chapter 5 in Hall, 2005Hall, , 2014. The term "chondroid tissue"has been proposed to replace the older term "chondroid bone" by Goret-Nicaise and Dhem (1982). We think that both terms are legitimate and we will consider them synonymous in this study.…”

Section: Generalities About Chondroid Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In extant species, another efficient method to identify CB is microradiography, an X-ray technique that shows the mineral distribution in calcified tissues at the microscopic scale (e.g., Goret-Nicaise and Dhem, 1982). Under microradiography, CB appears as radioopaque mineralized struts or islets containing irregular patches of confluent cellular lacunae that are radiotransparent (i.e., they appear dark).…”

Section: Microradiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chondroid bone in dinosaur embryos and nestlings (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae): Insights into the growth of the skull and the evolution of skeletal tissues

Bailleul

Behets

Lengelé

et al. 2016

Comptes Rendus Palevol

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In histology textbooks, the vertebrate skeleton is represented as almost entirely made of bone and cartilage. This is a false dichotomy and in fact, a continuum of intermediate tissues between bone and cartilage exists. Chondroid bone ([CB] or chondroid tissue), one of the most well-known intermediate tissues, has been reported in mammals, birds and crocodilians. It accommodates (1) rapid growth of the skull and (2) the development of craniofacial sutures. Since CB is present in the extant phylogenetic bracket of the Dinosauria, we hypothesized that it was also present in non-avian dinosaurs. By means of paleohistological examination and microradiography, we report for the first time the presence of CB in nonavian dinosaur embryos and nestlings (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae). It was found in five locations: (1) scattered within the bone trabeculae of an embryonic surangular; (2) and (3) in the coronoid process and in the alveolar processes of an embryonic dentary; (4) in the mandibul... In histology textbooks, the vertebrate skeleton is represented as almost entirely made of bone and cartilage. This is a false dichotomy and in fact, a continuum of intermediate tissues between bone and cartilage exists. Chondroid bone ([CB] or chondroid tissue), one of the most well-known intermediate tissues, has been reported in mammals, birds and crocodilians. It accommodates (1) rapid growth of the skull and (2) the development of craniofacial sutures. Since CB is present in the extant phylogenetic bracket of the Dinosauria, we hypothesized that it was also present in non-avian dinosaurs. By means of paleohistological examination and microradiography, we report for the first time the presence of CB in non-avian dinosaur embryos and nestlings (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae). It was found in five locations: (1) scattered within the bone trabeculae of an embryonic surangular; (2) and (3) in the coronoid process and in the alveolar processes of an embryonic dentary; (4) in the mandibular symphyses of an embryonic and a post-hatching dentary; (5) at the fronto-postorbital suture of an embryo. In these areas, CB was present in large amounts, suggesting that it played an important role in the rapid growth of the hadrosaurian skull during embryonic development. Moreover, the CB present in the sutural borders of a Hypacrosaurus frontal suggests that it was also involved in sutural growth, as it has been reported to be in mammalian and avian sutures. This is the first step taken to document and understand dinosaurian sutures from a histological perspective and it sheds light on an old problem by reporting the presence of CB in an additional clade within the Vertebrata. It is parsimonious to propose that CB in the chick embryo, Gallus gallus, the American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis and the hadrosaurs of the present study are homologous and that CB arose once and was inherited from their common ancestor.©

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generalities About Chondroid Bonementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Generalities About Chondroid Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microradiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chondroid bone in dinosaur embryos and nestlings (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae): Insights into the growth of the skull and the evolution of skeletal tissues

Bailleul

Behets

Lengelé

et al. 2016

Comptes Rendus Palevol

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Embryonic origin and fate of chondroid tissue and secondary cartilages in the avian skull

1996

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Background Chondroid tissue is an intermediate calcified tissue, mainly involved in desmocranial morphogenesis. Often associated with secondary cartilages, it remained of unprecise embryonic origin. Methods The latter was studied by performing isotopic isochronic grafts of quail encephalon onto 30 chick embryos. The so‐obtained chimeras were sacrificed at the 9th, 12th, and 14th day of incubation. The contribution of graft‐ and host‐derived cells to the histogenesis of chondroid tissue, bone, and secondary cartilages was analyzed on both microradiographs of thick undecalcified sections and on classical histological sections after several DNA or ECM specific staining procedures. Results Chondroid tissue is deposited in the primitive anlage of all membranous bones of the avian skull. Also present on their sutural edges, it uniformly arises from the neural crest. In the face, bone and secondary cartilages share this mesectodermal origin. However, secondary cartilages located along the basal chondrocranium and bone formed on the chondroid primordium of the cranial vault, originate from the cephalic mesoderm. Conclusions These facts provide evidence that chondroid tissue arises from a specific differentiation of neural crest derived cells and that this original skeletogenic program differs from that of secondary chondrogenesis. Moreover, they obviously indicate that in membranous bone ontogenesis, chondroid tissue replaces functions devoted to mesodermal primary cartilages of the cranial base, and so corroborates at the tissue level, the dual embryonic and phyletic origin of the skull. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Development of Meckel's cartilage in the symphyseal region in man

et al. 1997

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Background: The aim of this work is to clarify the aspects which are at present most controversial about the development of the anterior segments of Meckel's cartilage, such as the role of and determination of the area that is incorporated in the development of the human mandible.Methods: Light microscope studies were done on 25 embryos and human fetuses from the collection of the Institute of Embryology at the University Complutense of Madrid and the Department of Morphological Science from the University of Granada. Specimen length was between 18 and 125 mm crown-rump.Results: During the embryonic period, Meckel's cartilages were placed in the midline of the mandibular arch but fusion was not observed between them. Ossification of Meckel's cartilage begins at the end of the embryonic period and is completed in the fetal period and the portion that participates in mandibular formation is determined. This segment extends from the mental foramen to near the midline of the mandible. In this region, on the dorsal surface of the symphysis, cartilaginous nodules that originate from Meckel's cartilage are isolated.Conclusions: The ventral portions of Meckel's cartilage do not fuse in the midline of the mandibular arch. These present endo-and perichondral ossification and the section from the mental foramen to near the midline (mandibular symphysis) participates in mandibular formation. The ventral ends of Meckel's cartilage, i.e., the ends nearest the midline, do not ossify and remain isolated on the dorsal surface of the fetal mandibular symphysis. Anat.

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Presence of Chondroid Tissue in the Symphyseal Region of the Growing Human Mandible

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

Chondroid bone in dinosaur embryos and nestlings (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae): Insights into the growth of the skull and the evolution of skeletal tissues

Chondroid bone in dinosaur embryos and nestlings (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae): Insights into the growth of the skull and the evolution of skeletal tissues

Embryonic origin and fate of chondroid tissue and secondary cartilages in the avian skull

Development of Meckel's cartilage in the symphyseal region in man

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