Presence of Chlorinated Paraffins in Sediments from the North and Baltic Seas

Abstract

Chloroparaffins (CPs) were determined in sediments collected from the North and Baltic Seas during monitoring campaigns in 2001-2003. Electron ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used for a first screening. It allowed the simultaneous determination of short (SCCP) and medium chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCP). SCCP+MCCP concentrations between 5 and 499 ng/g dry weight were found. In general, Baltic Sea sediments were more highly contaminated by CPs than the North Sea was. However, concentrations related to the total organic carbon content were on the same order of magnitude due to the higher organic content in the Baltic Sea. Additional information about the congener and homologue pattern was obtained for selected samples from the Baltic Sea by high-resolution gas chromatography combined with negative ion chemical ionization and low-resolution mass spectrometry, Concentrations in the North Sea were in general too low for this approach. In the Baltic Sea, MCCP concentrations were 1.7-2.4 times higher than for SCCPs. Lower chlorinated C(13) and C(14) compounds were the main CP compounds. The CP congener and homologue patterns showed similarities with technical SCCP and MCCP mixtures when compared using principal component analysis.

Short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins in sediments from the Laizhou Bay area, North China: Implications for transportation from rivers to marine environment

“…This slight difference on the same order of magnitude does not rule out the cause by the drawbacks of GC/ECNI-LRMS used in CP detection. Both SCCP and MCCP concentrations in marine sediments of Laizhou Bay area are similar with those found in North/Baltic Sea (SCCPs: 8e63 ng g À1 dw; MCCPs: 22e140 ng g À1 dw) (Huttig and Oehme, 2005). However, with the rapid development of CP production and usage in the last decade in Shandong Province (Jiang et al, 2017), CP concentrations in the Laizhou Bay area might undergo a big increase, which needs further attention and study.…”

Determination of Chlorinated Paraffins by Bromide-Anion Attachment Atmospheric-Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry

“…The Henry's Law constant values for SCCPs imply partitioning from water to air or from moist soils to air, depending on environmental conditions and prevailing concentrations in each compartment. Evidence that SCCPs undergo such transport is provided by findings that they are globally dispersed in the environment and appear in the Arctic (Hüttig, 2005). The Persistent Organic Pollutant Review Committee (POPRC) of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) concluded that evidence is sufficient to conclude that SCCPs meet the screening criterion on potential for long-range environmental transport …”

Dechlorination and chlorine rearrangement of 1,2,5,5,6,9,10-heptachlorodecane mediated by the whole pumpkin seedlings

“…Currently, most of researches on the environmental occurrence and fate of SCCPs have been conducted in various environmental matrixes, such as air (Barber et al, 2005; Fridén et al, 2011; Li et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2012a,b), water (Bayen et al, 2006; Houde et al, 2008), soil (Gao et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2013), sediment (Huttig and Oehme, 2005; Štejnarová et al, 2005), sludge (Zeng et al, 2012, 2013), the aquatic food web (Ma et al, 2014), and the urban and remote area samples (Tomy et al, 1999). Spatial and temporal distributions of SCCPs in China and other countries have been reported (Chen et al, 2011; Iozza et al, 2008; Marvin et al, 2003).…”