Presence and effects of pharmaceutical and personal care products on the Baca National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado

Zenobio, Jenny E.; Sanchez, Brian C.; Leet, Jessica K.; Archuleta, Laura C.; Sepúlveda, Marı́a S.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.050

Cited by 40 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Seasonal patterns of release suggest that individuals living in confined areas might be exposed to different contaminants and concentrations during different seasons of the year. One aspect we recently highlighted concerning the latter point, is that use of grab samples alone in chemical measurements is inadequate for capturing the presence of compounds, and that long‐term passive sampling approaches are preferable for capturing contaminant spikes (Zenobio et al ., ). Temperature fluctuations resulting from natural or man‐made sources might be an influencing factor that should be carefully considered while interpreting the causes of the observed incidences of gonadal intersex among aquatic organisms.…”

Section: Recommendations For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

Intersex in fishes and amphibians: population implications, prevalence, mechanisms and molecular biomarkers

Abdelmoneim

Coulter

Mahapatra

et al. 2015

J of Applied Toxicology

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Intersex is defined as the abnormal presence of both testicular and ovarian cells in gonads of gonochoristic animals. Its occurrence is widespread and reports on its presence in the gonads of vertebrates continues to increase. In this review, we use standardized terminology to summarize the current knowledge of intersex in gonochoristic fishes and amphibians. We describe the different indices that have been used to assess the severity of intersex and synthesize reports discussing the prevalence of intersex in relation to different types of pollutants. In addition, we evaluate the geographic distribution and chronology of the reported cases of intersex in fishes and amphibians, their pathological descriptions and severity and discuss species sensitivities. We also summarize molecular biomarkers that have been tested for early detection of intersex in wild populations and highlight additional biomarkers that target molecular pathways involved in gonadal development that require further investigation for use in the diagnosis of intersex. Finally, we discuss the needs for future research in this field.

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Section: Recommendations For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

Intersex in fishes and amphibians: population implications, prevalence, mechanisms and molecular biomarkers

Abdelmoneim

Coulter

Mahapatra

et al. 2015

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…Polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) is a passive sampling device that has been used for the sampling, the pre-concentration, and for the quantification of trace organic contaminants, such as THC-COOH. The POCIS was deployed in INF, EFF or SW for a duration of 1 to 4 weeks in order to cumulate sufficent concentration for analysis ( Fedorova et al 2014 , Zenobio et al 2015 ). POCIS can detect organic contaminants at low concentrations because of its long sampling duration and the adsorbent affinity for polar organic molecules (0 < log K ow < 4) ( Alvarez et al 2004 ).…”

Section: Analytical Methods For the Determination Of Cannabinoids Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review on the detection, occurrence, fate, toxicity, and removal of cannabinoids in the water system and the environment

How

El-Din

2021

Environmental Pollution

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Cannabinoids are a group of organic compounds found in cannabis. Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), the two major constituents of cannabinoids, and their metabolites are contaminants of emerging concern due to the limited information on their environmental impacts. As well, their releases to the water systems and environment are expected to increase due to recent legalization. Solid-phase extraction is the most common technique for the extraction and pre-concentration of cannabinoids in water samples as well as a clean-up step after the extraction of cannabinoids from solid samples. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is the most common technique used for the analysis of cannabinoids. THC and its metabolites have been detected in wastewater, surface water, and drinking water. In particular, 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) has been detected at concentrations up to 2590 and 169 ng L -1 in untreated and treated wastewater, respectively, 79.9 ng L -1 in surface water, and 1 ng L -1 in drinking water. High removal of cannabinoids has been observed in wastewater treatment plants; this is likely a result of adsorption due to the low aqueous solubility of cannabinoids. Based on the estrogenicity and cytotoxicity studies and modelling, it has been predicted that THC and THC-COOH pose moderate risk for adverse impact on the environment. While chlorination and photo-oxidation have been shown to be effective in the removal of THC-COOH, they also produce by-products that are potentially more toxic than regulated disinfection by-products. The potential of indirect exposure to cannabinoids and their metabolites through recreational water is of great interest. As cannabinoids and especially their by-products may have adverse impacts on the environment and public health, more studies on their occurrence in various types of water and environmental systems, as well as on their environmental toxicity, would be required to accurately assess their impact on the environment and public health.

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“…Based on water samples, these can be analyzed directly after appropriate preconcentration if no matrix interference occurs or subjected to extraction, for example using solid-phase extraction. Recent publications on pharmaceuticals and personal care products include those of Thomaidi et al (2015) and Zenobio et al (2015). Recent publications on pharmaceuticals and personal care products include those of Thomaidi et al (2015) and Zenobio et al (2015).…”

Section: Examples Of Hydrophilic Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Improve Exposure Assessment

Vorkamp¹,

McGeer²

2015

Aquatic Ecotoxicology

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Presence and effects of pharmaceutical and personal care products on the Baca National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado

Cited by 40 publications

References 32 publications

Intersex in fishes and amphibians: population implications, prevalence, mechanisms and molecular biomarkers

Intersex in fishes and amphibians: population implications, prevalence, mechanisms and molecular biomarkers

A critical review on the detection, occurrence, fate, toxicity, and removal of cannabinoids in the water system and the environment

How to Improve Exposure Assessment

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