Presence and activity of endo-β-1,4-mannase, an important digestive carbohydrase within the digestive fluid of terrestrial crustaceans

Linton, Stuart M.

doi:10.1007/s00360-021-01342-4

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…C. convexus has an especially high number (12) of GH5_10 transcripts while other species only have between one to four. The predicted molecular mass of GH5_10 ranged 39.9 to 44.2 kDa, which is smaller than that of the terrestrial grapsoid G. natalis (66.3 ± 0.7 kDa) (Linton, 2021). Again, phylogenetic trees show clustering according to crab families.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of Other Digestive Ghsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The physiological function of the identified GHs is diverse such as facilitating digestion (e.g., GH5_10 and GH9) (Cragg et al, 2015;Linton, 2021), immune function (e.g., GH16) (Viborg et al, 2019), and development (e.g., GH18) (Chen et al, 2020). The crabs investigated generally possessed more than one transcript for most GH families.…”

Section: Ghs Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endogenous cellulase production in grapsoid crabs was demonstrated by transcriptomic analysis (Bui and Lee, 2015;Gan et al, 2018;Gray et al, 2018). On the other hand, there are reports of terrestrial and mangrove crustaceans producing hemicellulases such as GH5_10 endo-b-1,4-mannase and xylanase, and amylase (Pavasovic et al, 2004;An et al, 2014;Linton, 2021) that break down hemicellulose and starch, in which hemicellulose can constitute up to 30% of the dicotyledonous plant cell wall (Cosgrove, 2005;Cosgrove, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widespread occurrence of endogenous cellulase production and glycosyl hydrolase in grapsoid crabs along the land-sea transition indicates high potential for mineralisation of mangrove production

Lee

Lee²

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Previous studies on mangrove carbon utilisation and mineralisation were focused on mangrove sesarmid crabs (Grapsoidea: Sesarmidae) because they are initial processors of mangrove organic carbon. Grapsoid crabs from other families and habitats were generally ignored although they also perform various levels of herbivory. It remains unclear how the herbivorous crabs utilise the production from mangrove or vascular plants because of the high C/N ratio and high structural carbon content of these materials. In this study, production of cellulase and expression of hepatopancreatic glycosyl hydrolase of grapsoid crabs were investigated in a more extensive way in terms of their taxa (15 species) and habitats (i.e., land margin, mangrove, mudflat, and subtidal area). Generally, low gastric endoglucanase (1.46-2.98 μmol min−1 ml−1) and β-glucosidase (0.06-0.61 μmol min−1 ml−1) activity was detected in 15 grapsoid crabs distributed along the land-sea transition. The activity of both enzymes was significantly affected by the taxonomic affiliation and habitat of the crabs: endoglucanase in sesarmids > varunids > grapsids; and land margin, mangrove and limnic habitats > mudflat and subtidal area. For β-glucosidase: sesarmids > varunids and grapsids; and land and limnic > mangrove and subtidal > mudflat. Our detection of gastric cellulases in mudflat and subtidal grapsoid crabs has rarely been reported. These results show that there is a need to re-evaluate the role of crabs from these habitats in mangrove/vascular plant carbon mineralisation. Further, low cellulase activity could be a common trait among crabs along the land-sea transition and the importance of cellulase in vascular plant carbon utilisation could have been previously over-rated. Glycosyl hydrolase family 9 (GH9) genes were identified in the hepatopancreatic transcriptome of all 15 species, indicating endogenous production of cellulase. In addition, the presence of other digestive carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), including GH5_10, GH13, GH13_24, and GH16, suggests that a capacity for the utilisation of carbon sources other than cellulose by the grapsoid crabs, which may enable sufficient assimilation of vascular plant carbon despite the low cellulase activity.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of Other Digestive Ghsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Ghs Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widespread occurrence of endogenous cellulase production and glycosyl hydrolase in grapsoid crabs along the land-sea transition indicates high potential for mineralisation of mangrove production

Lee

Lee²

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Crustaceans with particular feeding habits exhibit distinctive digestive enzymes, such as cellulase and hemicellulase in those that feed on leaves [3,[26][27][28], or laminarinase in those consuming brown and green phytoplankton and algae [26]. However, all species share main digestive enzymes such as proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a More Comprehensive View of α-Amylase across Decapods Crustaceans

Rodríguez-Viera

Alpízar-Pedraza²,

Mancera

et al. 2021

Biology

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Decapod crustaceans are a very diverse group and have evolved to suit a wide variety of diets. Alpha-amylases enzymes, responsible for starch and glycogen digestion, have been more thoroughly studied in herbivore and omnivore than in carnivorous species. We used information on the α-amylase of a carnivorous lobster as a connecting thread to provide a more comprehensive view of α-amylases across decapods crustaceans. Omnivorous crustaceans such as shrimps, crabs, and crayfish present relatively high amylase activity with respect to carnivorous crustaceans. Yet, contradictory results have been obtained and relatively high activity in some carnivores has been suggested to be a remnant trait from ancestor species. Here, we provided information sustaining that high enzyme sequence and overall architecture conservation do not allow high changes in activity, and that differences among species may be more related to number of genes and isoforms, as well as transcriptional and secretion regulation. However, recent evolutionary analyses revealed that positive selection might have also occurred among distant lineages with feeding habits as a selection force. Some biochemical features of decapod α-amylases can be related with habitat or gut conditions, while less clear patterns are observed for other enzyme properties. Likewise, while molt cycle variations in α-amylase activity are rather similar among species, clear relationships between activity and diet shifts through development cannot be always observed. Regarding the adaptation of α-amylase to diet, juveniles seem to exhibit more flexibility than larvae, and it has been described variation in α-amylase activity or number of isoforms due to the source of carbohydrate and its level in diets, especially in omnivore species. In the carnivorous lobster, however, no influence of the type of carbohydrate could be observed. Moreover, lobsters were not able to fine-regulate α-amylase gene expression in spite of large changes in carbohydrate content of diet, while retaining some capacity to adapt α-amylase activity to very low carbohydrate content in the diets. In this review, we raised arguments for the need of more studies on the α-amylases of less studied decapods groups, including carnivorous species which rely more on dietary protein and lipids, to broaden our view of α-amylase in decapods crustaceans.

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“…Crustaceans with particular feeding habits exhibit distinctive digestive enzymes such as cellulase and hemicellulase in those fed on leaves [3,[26][27][28] or laminarinase in those consuming brown and green phytoplankton and algae [26]. However, all species share main digestive enzymes such as proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a More Comprehensive View of α-Amylase across Decapods Crustaceans: New Insights from Carnivorous

Rodríguez-Viera¹,

Alpízar-Pedraza²,

Mancera³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Decapod crustaceans are a very diverse group and have evolved to suit a wide variety of diets. Alpha-amylases enzymes, responsible for starch and glycogen digestion, have been more thoroughly studies in herbivore and omnivore than in carnivorous species. We used information on the α-amylase of a carnivorous lobster as a connecting thread to provide a more comprehensive view of α-amylases across decapods crustaceans. Omnivorous crustaceans such as shrimps, crabs and crayfish present relatively high amylase activity respect to carnivorous. Yet, contradictory results have been obtained and relatively high activity in some carnivores has been suggested to be a remnant trait from ancestor species. Here we provided information sustaining that high enzyme sequence and overall architecture conservation do not allow high changes in activity, and that differences among species may be more related to number of genes and isoforms, as well as transcriptional and secretion regulation. However, recent evolutionary analyses revealed that positive selection might have also occurred among distant lineages with feeding habits as a selection force. Some biochemical features of decapod α-amylases can be related with habitat or gut conditions, while less clear patterns are observed for other enzyme properties. Likewise, while molt cycle variations in α-amylase activity are rather similar among species, clear relationships between activity and diet shifts through development cannot be always observed. Regarding the adaptation of α-amylase to diet, juveniles seem to exhibit more flexibility than larvae, and it has been described variation in α-amylase activity or number of isoforms due to the source of carbohydrate and its level in diets, especially in omnivore species. In the carnivorous lobster, however, no influence of the type of carbohydrate could be observed. Also, lobsters were not able to fine-regulate α-amylase gene expression in spite of large changes in carbohydrate content of diet, while retaining some capacity to adapt α-amylase activity to very low carbohydrate content in the diets. In this review, we raised arguments for the need of more studies on the α-amylases of less studied decapods groups, including carnivorous species which rely more on dietary protein and lipids, to broad our view of α-amylase in decapods crustaceans.

show abstract

Presence and activity of endo-β-1,4-mannase, an important digestive carbohydrase within the digestive fluid of terrestrial crustaceans

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Widespread occurrence of endogenous cellulase production and glycosyl hydrolase in grapsoid crabs along the land-sea transition indicates high potential for mineralisation of mangrove production

Widespread occurrence of endogenous cellulase production and glycosyl hydrolase in grapsoid crabs along the land-sea transition indicates high potential for mineralisation of mangrove production

Toward a More Comprehensive View of α-Amylase across Decapods Crustaceans

Toward a More Comprehensive View of α-Amylase across Decapods Crustaceans: New Insights from Carnivorous

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