Preseason Y Balance Test Scores are not Associated with Noncontact Time-Loss Lower Quadrant Injury in Male Collegiate Basketball Players

Brumitt, Jason; Nelson, Kyle; Duey, Duane; Jeppson, Matthew; Hammer, Luke

doi:10.3390/sports7010004

Cited by 20 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…While earlier studies on American football [11] and soccer [17] reported significant associations between YBT-LQ scores and injury, these findings have not been validated in subsequent samples. Our findings are consistent with recent papers that have concluded that the YBT-LQ may have limited utility in isolation as a screening test for non-contact LQ injury [29,31,32]. In 2017, Wright et al [32] noted that YBT-LQ composite scores or asymmetries were not predictive of lower extremity injury in 189 collegiate athletes from six sports.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Similarly, Lai et al [29] determined that cutoff scores of 2, 3, and 9 cm for asymmetry in anterior, posterolateral, and posteromedial reach, respectively, along with the 4 cm cutoff point used in most prior studies, had poor sensitivity and specificity in regards to earlier or increased rates of injury in a sample of 294 NCAA Division I athletes. Most recently, Brumitt et al [30,31] found no associations between preseason YBT-LQ test scores and non-contact LQ injury in male collegiate basketball players or female collegiate volleyball players. Based on our present study's findings and recent reports, we suggest that the YBT-LQ test ability as a sole indicator for injury is limited in collegiate American Football players, and that other screening tests should also be assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Studies investigating YBT-LQ performance have typically included three trials in each direction on each leg [11,15,24,[28][29][30][31]. Some studies have used the maximal reach distance of the trials [11,24,28,29], while others used the mean reach distance of the trials [15,30,31]. We chose to use the maximum of the three reach distance tests for our calculations for comparative purposes to Butler et al [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Y-Balance Test Performance Does Not Determine Non-Contact Lower Quadrant Injury in Collegiate American Football Players

Luedke

Geisthardt

Rauh

2020

Sports

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Collegiate American football has a high rate of injury. The Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ), a dynamic assessment of lower extremity strength, mobility, and balance, has been purported to identify athletes at risk for injury in different sports including football. Previous studies examining the association between YBT-LQ and injury have reported varied findings; therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess if preseason YBT-LQ performance predicted whether football players would sustain a non-contact lower extremity or low back (lower quarter (LQ)) injury during the season. Fifty-nine male collegiate American football players (age 20.8 ± 1.3 y, height 1.8 ± 0.1 m, body mass 94.6 ± 14.2 kg) completed a survey of training and injury history and had their YBT-LQ performance assessed at the start of the season. Athletic training staff tracked the occurrence of non-contact LQ injuries during the season. There were no significant relationships found between preseason YBT-LQ values and incidence of non-contact LQ injury in this population of collegiate American football players. This study is consistent with recent reports that have not found a significant association between preseason YBT-LQ values and LQ injury. These results suggest that, in isolation, the YBT-LQ may have limited utility as a screening test for non-contact injury in collegiate football players.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Y-Balance Test Performance Does Not Determine Non-Contact Lower Quadrant Injury in Collegiate American Football Players

Luedke

Geisthardt

Rauh

2020

Sports

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“…Next, the subject reached towards one of three directions (anterior, posterior-medial and posterior-lateral) using their non-weight-bearing lower limb to slide the moveable platform. Three reach trials were performed in each direction, first standing on the uninvolved leg and then on the one involved (on the right leg and then on the left in control group) 44 . The final score was the mean value from three trials for each leg (evaluated leg was that weight-bearing).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard RTS criteria effectiveness verification using FMS, Y-balance and TJA in footballers following ACL reconstruction and mild lower limb injuries

Oleksy

Mika

Sulowska-Daszyk

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured knee ligament. In previous studies, it was demonstrated that patients following ACL reconstruction may present motor deficits which may be related to increased risk of injury. The objective of the study was to determine whether players who have passed RTS assessment still have deficits in movement patterns or in neuromuscular control after such a serious injury as ACL rupture and reconstruction,. Sixty-five male football players (age 18–25 years), recruited from regional teams, were divided into three groups: (1) ACL group-subjects after ACL rupture and reconstruction (n = 24); (2) Mild Injury (MI) group-subjects after mild lower limb injuries (n = 21); and (3) Control (C) group-subjects without injuries (n = 20). For all groups, the Y-balance test, Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and Tuck Jump Assessment (TJA) were performed. For the Y-balance test in ACL group for the injured leg, significantly lower values were demonstrated for anterior reach ((ACL) 69.2 ± 5.7% vs. (MI) 74.8 ± 4.5% vs. (C) 74.0 ± 5.6%), at posterior-lateral reach ((ACL) 103.2 ± 6.4% vs. (C) 108.5 ± 6.0%) and composite score ((ACL) 93.9 ± 4.4% vs. (MI) 97.9 ± 4.3%) in comparison to the remaining two groups. In the FMS test, the ACL group had significantly lower composite score (12 ± 4 points) compared to the C group (15 ± 2 points). Also, compared to the remaining groups, subjects following ACL reconstruction demonstrated significantly lower performance in the TJA test related to the following elements: thighs do not reach parallel, thighs not equal side-to-side, foot placement not shoulder width apart, technique declines prior to 10 s and lower extremity valgus at landing. The authors have observed that athletes after ACL reconstruction still have deficits in movement patterns or in neuromuscular control despite passing the RTS and being cleared to perform sports. Creating a set of sufficiently sensitive assessment methods may significantly reduce the potential risk of injury due to the fact that diagnosed and monitored deficits may be treated on an ongoing basis. The authors suggest that individual elements of the Y-balance and TJA tests may be suitable for such specific assessment.

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“…Votes for the AFL Coaches Association award are cast by the senior coaches from both competing teams, and votes for the fairest and best player are cast by the field umpires. Further, various clubs use subjective coach ratings as a way of determining club based awards [15], and various media sources publish subjective ratings for public interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing subjective and objective evaluations of player performance in Australian Rules football

2019

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Player evaluation plays a fundamental role in the decision-making processes of professional sporting organisations. In the Australian Football League, both subjective and objective evaluations of player match performance are commonplace. This study aimed to identify the extent to which performance indicators can explain subjective ratings of player performance. A secondary aim was to compare subjective and objective ratings of player performance. Inside Football Player Ratings (IFPR) and Australian Football League Player Ratings were collected as subjective and objective evaluations of player performance, respectively, for each player during all 1026 matches throughout the 2013–2017 Australian Football League seasons. Nine common player performance indicators, player role classification, player age and match outcomes were also collected. Standardised linear mixed model and recursive partitioning and regression tree models were undertaken across the whole dataset, as well as separately for each of the seven player roles. The mixed model analysis produced a model associating the performance indicators with IFPR at a root mean square error of 0.98. Random effects accounting for differences between seasons and players ranged by 0.09 and 1.73 IFPR each across the five seasons and 1052 players, respectively. The recursive partitioning and regression tree model explained IFPR exactly in 35.8% of instances, and to within 1.0 IFPR point in 81.0% of instances. When analysed separately by player role, exact explanation varied from 25.2% to 41.7%, and within 1.0 IFPR point from 70.3% to 88.6%. Overall, kicks and handballs were most associated with the IFPR. This study highlights that a select few features account for a majority of the variance when explaining subjective ratings of player performance, and that these vary by player role. Australian Football League organisations should utilise both subjective and objective assessments of performance to gain a better understanding of the differences associated with subjective performance assessment.

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Preseason Y Balance Test Scores are not Associated with Noncontact Time-Loss Lower Quadrant Injury in Male Collegiate Basketball Players

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Y-Balance Test Performance Does Not Determine Non-Contact Lower Quadrant Injury in Collegiate American Football Players

Y-Balance Test Performance Does Not Determine Non-Contact Lower Quadrant Injury in Collegiate American Football Players

Standard RTS criteria effectiveness verification using FMS, Y-balance and TJA in footballers following ACL reconstruction and mild lower limb injuries

Comparing subjective and objective evaluations of player performance in Australian Rules football

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