Prescription opioid abuse in the <scp>UK</scp>

Giraudon, Isabelle; Lowitz, Karen; Dargan, Paul I.; Wood, David M.; Dart, Richard C.

doi:10.1111/bcp.12133

Cited by 95 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…1). This is contrary to the steep increase reported in the United States and the United Kingdom during the same period [20, 39]. Non-opioid death rates were relatively stable between 2007 and 2014, and were lower than opioid deaths, at the beginning of this period, similar to those documented in the United States and Europe [32, 40].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Fatal Overdoses of Opioids in Israel 2005–2014

et al. 2017

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Aims: To explore previously unreported rates and trends in opioid-related mortality in Israel, 2005–2014. Methods: Data was obtained from the national database on causes of death. Drug poisoning deaths were divided into opioid-related deaths and deaths related to other drugs according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code of underlying cause, and included drug poisoning of accidental, intentional or undetermined intent. Age-adjusted rates were calculated per 100,000 population. Rate ratios were calculated and a logistic model constructed to compare the risk of opioid-related deaths in both halves of the decade (2006–2009 and 2009–2013) and between various demographic groups. Results: While age-adjusted rates of deaths related to other drugs remained relatively stable, rates of opioid-related deaths significantly decreased during this period across all groups. During the study period, the number of opioid-related deaths in Israel declined from 1.3 to 0.3 per 100,000. Opioid-related deaths were more common among men, young adults and immigrants from the Former Soviet Union. Conclusions: Rates of opioid-related deaths in Israel were low compared to those reported in the United States and United Kingdom. In addition, the decline in opioid-related deaths in Israel is contrary to trends observed in the United States and United Kingdom. Factors that may contribute to these differences are discussed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Fatal Overdoses of Opioids in Israel 2005–2014

et al. 2017

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“…Tramadol was included, as it is has addiction and abuse potential. 18,19 Codeine was excluded, as it may be prescribed for non-pain conditions. Prevalent opioid receipt during a given year was defined as the receipt of at least one opioid prescription during that year.…”

Section: Opioid Receiptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Prevalent and Incident Opioid Receipt: an Observational Study in Veterans Health Administration 2004–2012

et al. 2014

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BACKGROUND: Improved understanding of temporal and regional trends may support safe and effective prescribing of opioids. OBJECTIVE: We describe national, regional, and facilitylevel trends and variations in opioid receipt between fiscal years (FY) 2004 and 2012. DESIGN: Observational cohort study using Veterans Health Administration (VHA) administrative databases. PARTICIPANTS: All patients receiving primary care within 137 VHA healthcare systems during a given study year and receiving medications from VHA one year before and during a given study year. MAIN MEASURES: Prevalent and incident opioid receipt during each year of the study period. KEY RESULTS: The overall prevalence of opioid receipt increased from 18.9 % of all veteran outpatients in FY2004 to 33.4 % in FY2012, a 76.7 % relative increase. In FY2012, women had higher rates of prevalent opioid receipt than men (42.4 % vs. 32.9 %), and the youngest veterans (18-34 years) had higher prevalent opioid receipt compared to the oldest veterans (≥80 years) (47.6 % vs. 17.9 %). All regions in the United States saw increased rates of prevalent opioid receipt during this time period. Prevalence rates varied widely by facility: in FY2012, the lowest-prescribing facility had a rate of 13.5 %, and the highest of 50.8 %. Annual incident opioid receipt increased from 8.8 % in FY2004 to 10.2 % in FY2011, with a decline to 9.8 % in FY2012. Incident prescribing increased at some facilities and decreased at others. Facilities with high prevalent prescribing tended to have flat or decreasing incident prescribing rates during the study time frame. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of opioid receipt increased throughout the study time frame, with wide variation in prevalent and incident rates across geographical region, sex, and age groups. Prevalence and incidence rates reflect distinct prescribing practices. Areas with the highest prevalence tended to have lower increases in incident opioid receipt over the study period. This likely reflects facilitylevel variations in prescribing practices as well as baseline rates of prevalent use. Future work assessing opioid prescribing should employ methodologies to account for and interpret both prevalent and incident opioid receipt.

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“…Then, came the Scandinavian countries and the UK, with studies on pharmacovigilance databases, or drug-related death registries. [25] For all other European countries, the number of references varied between 0 and 3. According to the authors, this review provides information on drug abuse in Europe, but especially shows how the knowledge on the subject is fragmented due to the lack of relevant data: when the data exist, they are not accessible and/or unpublished; research on the topic is indigent; there are no multinational European approach in this particular area, although some experiments have been conducted in recent years.…”

Section: Available Data Sources Related To Drug Abuse In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Abuse Monitoring: Which Pharmacoepidemiological Resources at the European Level?

Lapeyre‐Mestre

Dupui

2015

Therapies

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-Monitoring the potential for abuse and dependence of psychoactive substances falls within the scope of international conventions on narcotic drugs. At the European level, this monitoring is based on activities controlled by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) for substance abuse in general and by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for marketed drugs, in the context of pharmacovigilance. If France has set up in the early 1990s an original system to assess potential for abuse of psychoactive substances, with specific tools combining both the evaluation of the use of these substances (illicit substances or diverted drugs), and the consequences of that use in terms of morbidity and mortality, there is no equivalent in other European countries. Indeed, unlike the USA, who, for several decades, organized this type of surveillance, with a multisource approach (sentinel systems, databases, medical and administrative data, databases for seeking care in relation abuse), we have not found in other European countries integrated system for identifying a signal of drug abuse, or to assess the impact of measures for minimizing the risk of abuse. However, some recent examples show a growing concern about drug addiction, based on a pharmacoepidemiological approach using pharmacovigilance databases or medical administrative data. These examples illustrate the interest of these approaches in the field of drug of abuse.Abbreviations: see end of article.

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Prescription opioid abuse in the UK

Cited by 95 publications

References 1 publication

Fatal Overdoses of Opioids in Israel 2005–2014

Fatal Overdoses of Opioids in Israel 2005–2014

Trends in Prevalent and Incident Opioid Receipt: an Observational Study in Veterans Health Administration 2004–2012

Drug Abuse Monitoring: Which Pharmacoepidemiological Resources at the European Level?

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