Prescribing patterns and costs associated with erectile dysfunction drugs in England: a time trend analysis

Bell, Colette; Hadi, Muhammad Abdul; Khanal, Saval; Paudyal, Vibhu

doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20x101145

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Whenever evaluating time-trend sales, inflation could play a confounder role in the relationship between exposure (time) and outcomes (sales) ( Bell, Hadi, Khanal, & Paudyal, 2021 ; Liles et al., 2019 ; Moore et al., 2021 ). The Consumer Price Index (CPI) ( Foster & Ferguson, 2012 ) and Producer Price Index (PPI) ( Livingston, 2011 ) are well-recognized inflation measures, which tends to increase over time ( Liles et al., 2019 ; Moore et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concerning increasing trend of alcohol beverage sales in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic

Castaldelli-Maia

Segura

Martins

2021

Alcohol

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There are some concerns regarding alcohol use behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mixed findings of the first alcohol use studies during this pandemic may reflect the lack of differentiation between on-premise and home consumption. Most of the countries adopted severe restrictions on drinking place functioning. Alcohol retail store sales temporal data were used to examine alcohol sales changes in the United States (U.S.) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic as a proxy indicator of at-home drinking. Data were sourced from the Monthly Retail Trade Survey, which has provided U.S. representative estimates of sales at retail and food services stores since 1951. In the present study, we analyzed data from seasonally adjusted beer, wine, and liquor store (BWLS) sales from January 1992 to September 2020. Poisson cubic spline models were used to assess nonlinearity in such sales during the period. These models were adjusted to the consumer price index for alcoholic beverages. There was a significant increase in retail alcohol sales during the beginning of the pandemic, reaching a plateau in the third quarter of 2020. During the COVID-19 period (March 2020 to September 2020), there were 41.9 billion dollars in BWLS sales, representing an increase of 20% compared to the same period in 2019. On the other hand, food and drinking place retail sales decreased by 27% during the same period in the same survey. These results may indicate an increase in home drinking during the period, which could potentially lead to higher alcohol consumption and alcohol-related adverse health outcomes. More aggressive efforts should be made to warn the population about the risks associated with increased home alcohol consumption during the pandemic. Additionally, tracking individual alcohol consumption and releasing real-time data at different levels are needed to better assess the effects of increased alcohol consumption during the pandemic.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concerning increasing trend of alcohol beverage sales in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic

Castaldelli-Maia

Segura

Martins

2021

Alcohol

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“…The EBM DataLab publishes anonymised data provided by the NHS Business and Service Authority on the total number of items of each drug prescribed and the total spending across all practices in England. A number of studies have used the same dataset to study the prescribing patterns of various classes of drugs [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Prescribing Patterns of First-Line Antibiotics in English Primary Care: A Longitudinal Analysis of National Prescribing Dataset

2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on public access to health services. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on commonly prescribed first-line antibiotics in English primary care. A secondary analysis of publicly available government data pertaining to primary care prescribing was conducted. A list of twenty first-line antibiotics used to treat common infections was developed following the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines. All primary care prescription and cost data pertaining to commonly prescribed first-line antibiotics in England between March and September of 2018–2020 were extracted and adjusted for inflation. Analysis suggests prescribing of antibiotics significantly reduced by 15.99% (p = 0.018) and 13.5% (p = 0.002) between March and September 2020 compared with same time period for 2018 and 2019, respectively. The most noticeable decrease in 2020 was noticed for prescribing for meningitis (−62.3%; p = 0.002) followed by respiratory tract infections (−39.13%; p = 0.035), in terms of indications. These results are suggestive of reduced transmission of infections in the community due to national lockdowns, social distancing and hygiene practices. In addition, the impact of reduced face-to-face consultations in general practices needs to be investigated as a potential reason for reduced prescribing. The pandemic also offers an opportunity to rationalize antibiotics use in the community.

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“…PDE5I use is not limited to LUTS and sexual dysfunction; in combination with other drugs, they are used successfully to treat pulmonary artery hypertension [ 28 ]. Tadalafil is now more accessible than ever; it became a generic drug when its patent expired in November 2017, leading to a 49% decrease in cost per unit [ 29 ]. The safety profiles of the generic drug and marketed drug are similar [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is tadalafil associated with decreased risk of major adverse cardiac events or venous thromboembolism in men with lower urinary tract symptoms?

et al. 2022

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Purpose To evaluate the association of tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE5I), with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) or venous thromboembolism (VTE) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Methods Data was obtained from the TriNetX Research Network, ICD-10 codes were used to identify men with LUTS, MACE, and VTE. In addition, demographic characteristics and use of tadalafil or alpha-blocker was evaluated. Then, unbalanced and balanced association analyses was performed to assess the relation between tadalafil and/or alpha-blocker use with MACE/VTE. Results After participant selection, analysis included 821,592 men that did not use an alpha blocker or tadalafil, 5,004 men that used tadalafil but no alpha blocker, 327,482 men that used an alpha blocker but no tadalafil, and 6,603 men that used both an alpha blocker and tadalafil. On balanced analysis, tadalafil was independently associated with a decreased risk of MACE/VTE within a 3-year time period (OR = 0.59, 95%CI 0.49–0.70, p < 0.0001). Among men with a history of alpha blocker use, tadalafil use was also independently associated with a decreased risk of MACE or VTE, both before and after controlling for potentially confounding variables (OR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.50–0.66; p < 0.0001). Conclusions In our study, tadalafil was associated with a decreased risk of MACE/VTE in men with LUTS with and without a history of alpha blocker use. It is time to perform further long-term prospective randomized studies to further analyze the cardiovascular effects of PDE5Is as combination treatment with alpha blockers in the management of LUTS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00345-022-04005-3.

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Prescribing patterns and costs associated with erectile dysfunction drugs in England: a time trend analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

The concerning increasing trend of alcohol beverage sales in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic

The concerning increasing trend of alcohol beverage sales in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Prescribing Patterns of First-Line Antibiotics in English Primary Care: A Longitudinal Analysis of National Prescribing Dataset

Is tadalafil associated with decreased risk of major adverse cardiac events or venous thromboembolism in men with lower urinary tract symptoms?

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