Prescaling and Far-from-Equilibrium Hydrodynamics in the Quark-Gluon Plasma

Mazeliauskas, Aleksas; Berges, Jürgen

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.122.122301

Cited by 66 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…They are consistent with the numerically determined values in Eq. (16). We expect that, as in 3D [24], the inelastic scattering rate at the hard scale plays an important role as well.…”

Section: Scaling Behavior In a Kinetic Theory Picturementioning

confidence: 89%

“…The mean values and error estimates quoted in Eqs. (15), (16) are obtained by combining and rounding the mean values and error estimates.…”

Section: Appendix A: Note On Initial Conditions In Coulomb Gaugementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A characteristic feature of many highly-occupied systems is that they often approach universal self-similar attractors, also referred to as non-thermal fixed points (NTFP) [1,2]. Examples have been found with classical field methods in various theories in three spatial dimensions (3D) including non-Abelian gauge theories, relativistic and non-relativistic scalar field theories [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], and in two-dimensional scalar systems [17][18][19][20]. Nonthermal fixed points have recently also been found experimentally in ultra-cold atom experiments [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly occupied gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions: A self-similar attractor

et al. 2019

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Motivated by the boost-invariant Glasma state in the initial stages in heavy-ion collisions, we perform classical-statistical simulations of SU(2) gauge theory in 2+1 dimensional space-time both with and without a scalar field in the adjoint representation. We show that irrespective of the details of the initial condition, the far-from-equilibrium evolution of these highly occupied systems approaches a unique universal attractor at high momenta that is the same for the gauge and scalar sectors. We extract the scaling exponents and the form of the distribution function close to this non-thermal fixed point. We find that the dynamics are governed by an energy cascade to higher momenta with scaling exponents α = 3β and β = −1/5. We argue that these values can be obtained from parametric estimates within kinetic theory indicating the dominance of small momentum transfer in the scattering processes. We also extract the Debye mass non-perturbatively from a longitudinally polarized correlator and observe an IR enhancement of the scalar correlation function for low momenta below the Debye mass.2 We expect the results to carry over to SU(3) theories as well.The qualitative agreement of weakly-coupled SU(Nc) theories far from equilibrium for Nc = 2, 3 has been observed for different phenomena [31][32][33].arXiv:1907.05892v1 [hep-ph]

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“…They are consistent with the numerically determined values in Eq. (16). We expect that, as in 3D [24], the inelastic scattering rate at the hard scale plays an important role as well.…”

Section: Scaling Behavior In a Kinetic Theory Picturementioning

confidence: 89%

“…The mean values and error estimates quoted in Eqs. (15), (16) are obtained by combining and rounding the mean values and error estimates.…”

Section: Appendix A: Note On Initial Conditions In Coulomb Gaugementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly occupied gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions: A self-similar attractor

et al. 2019

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“…When developing an understanding of the field theory side, the comparison to effective descriptions would be useful. Phenomena such as prescaling and far from equilibrium hydrodynamics [104] could be searched for; the applicability of fluid dynamics far from equilibrium [105] could be tested within our holographic model. It would furthermore be elucidating to consider different non-local observables, such as holographic entanglement entropy [21,64].…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations far from equilibrium in charged strongly coupled fluids subjected to a strong magnetic field

Cartwright

Kaminski

2019

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Within a holographic model, we calculate the time evolution of 2-point and 1point correlation functions (of selected operators) within a charged strongly coupled system of many particles. That system is thermalizing from an anisotropic initial charged state far from equilibrium towards equilibrium while subjected to a constant external magnetic field. One main result is that thermalization times for 2-point functions are significantly (approximately three times) larger than those of 1-point functions. Magnetic field and charge amplify this difference, generally increasing thermalization times. However, there is also a competition of scales between charge density, magnetic field, and initial anisotropy, which leads to an array of qualitative changes on the 2-and 1-point functions. There appears to be a strong effect of the medium on 2-point functions at early times, but approximately none at later times. At strong magnetic fields, an apparently universal thermalization time emerges, at which all 2-point functions appear to thermalize regardless of any other scale in the system. Hence, this time scale is referred to as saturation time scale. As extremality is approached in the purely charged case, 2-and 1-point functions appear to equilibrate at infinitely late time. We also compute 2-point functions of charged operators. Our results can be taken to model thermalization in heavy ion collisions, or thermalization in selected condensed matter systems.

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“…These scaling laws have been discussed in the context of critical dynamics close to second-order phase transitions in equilibrium states over several decades. However, several theoretical studies have recently found the emergence of such dynamical scalings in isolated quantum systems even without critical points, and the universality are investigated from the perspective of NTFPs [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][72][73][74][75][76]. So far, the two experiments [55,56] report observations of the NTFP scenario in scalar and spinor Bose gases.…”

Section: Correlation Function and Dynamical Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale-invariant relaxation dynamics in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with large particle-number imbalance

et al. 2020

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We theoretically study the scale-invariant relaxation dynamics in segregating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with large particle-number imbalance, and uncover that random walk of droplet for the minor component plays a fundamental role in the relaxation process. Our numerical simulations based on the binary Gross-Pitaevskii model reveal the emergence of the dynamical scaling during the relaxation, which is a hallmark of scale-invariant dynamics, in a correlation function for the minor condensate. Tracking exponents characterizing the dynamical scaling in time, we find out a crossover phenomenon that features the change in power exponents of the correlation length. To understand the fundamental mechanism inherent in the scale-invariant relaxation dynamics, we construct a random walk model for droplets. Employing the model, we analytically derive the 1/3 and 1/2 power laws and predict the crossover of the scaling. These exponents are in reasonable agreement with the values obtained in the numerical calculations. We also discuss a possible experimental setup for observing the scale-invariant dynamics. arXiv:1907.13007v1 [cond-mat.quant-gas]

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Prescaling and Far-from-Equilibrium Hydrodynamics in the Quark-Gluon Plasma

Cited by 66 publications

References 34 publications

Highly occupied gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions: A self-similar attractor

Highly occupied gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions: A self-similar attractor

Correlations far from equilibrium in charged strongly coupled fluids subjected to a strong magnetic field

Scale-invariant relaxation dynamics in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with large particle-number imbalance

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