Prepubertal serum inhibin B in cryptorchid infants and in monorchid boys with compensatory testicular hypertrophy

Gaudino, Rossella; Cavarzere, Paolo; Camilot, Marta; Teofoli, Francesca; Zampieri, Nicola; Tatò, Luciano

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.017

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Indeed, testosterone and LH levels were normal during pubertal development in the vast majority of patients with monorchidism, in line with previous results in a small series of 11 patients (28). Conversely, lower AMH and higher FSH in monorchid boys indicate that the remaining testis does not fully compensate the function of the absent one.…”

Section: European Journal Of Endocrinologysupporting

confidence: 90%

Compensatory function of the remaining testis is dissociated in boys and adolescents with monorchidism

Grinspon

Habib

Bedecarrás

et al. 2016

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Compensatory hypertrophy has been classically described in patients with monorchidism. However, it remains unclear whether there is a functional compensatory activity of the different cell populations. Our aim was to assess the functional capacity of the solitary testis in monorchid males from infancy through puberty in order to determine whether the remaining gonad is capable of compensating the functional activity of Sertoli and Leydig cells of the absent gonad. Design: In a retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study performed at a tertiary paediatric public hospital, we included 89 boys with monorchidism and 358 healthy controls, aged 6 months-18 years. Testicular volume and circulating levels of reproductive hormones were compared between patients with monorchidism and normal boys. Serum anti-Mü llerian hormone (AMH) and FSH were used as biomarkers of the functional mass of prepubertal Sertoli cells, whereas serum testosterone and LH were used as biomarkers of Leydig cells. Results: In the vast majority of the cases, the testicular volume of monorchid boys was smaller than the sum of the volume of both testes of healthy controls. Serum AMH was lower and FSH was higher in patients with monorchidism than in controls aged !3 and O13 years. Serum testosterone and LH did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Conclusion: In boys and adolescents with monorchidism, there is a dissociated capacity of the remaining testis to compensate for the absence of the other gonad: while Leydig cell function is largely compensated, Sertoli cell proliferation and function was lower than in controls.

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Section: European Journal Of Endocrinologysupporting

confidence: 90%

Compensatory function of the remaining testis is dissociated in boys and adolescents with monorchidism

Grinspon

Habib

Bedecarrás

et al. 2016

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Some studies found no differences between the two groups for inhibin B (Christiansen et al, 2002;Pierik et al, 2009) or AMH (Pierik et al, 2009), whereas other studies observed lower serum levels of inhibin B (Gaudino et al, 2008;Thorup et al, 2012) or AMH in cases than in controls (Yamanaka et al, 1991;Guibourdenche et al, 2003;Demircan et al, 2006;Matuszczak et al, 2012;Cortes et al, 2016). Some studies found no differences between the two groups for inhibin B (Christiansen et al, 2002;Pierik et al, 2009) or AMH (Pierik et al, 2009), whereas other studies observed lower serum levels of inhibin B (Gaudino et al, 2008;Thorup et al, 2012) or AMH in cases than in controls (Yamanaka et al, 1991;Guibourdenche et al, 2003;Demircan et al, 2006;Matuszczak et al, 2012;Cortes et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Altered secretion of Sertoli cells hormones in 2‐year‐old prepubertal cryptorchid boys: a cross‐sectional study

et al. 2017

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In cryptorchid boys, failures in germ cell development have been clearly established. Some studies reported some abnormalities in Sertoli cells morphology but the results regarding their endocrine secretion remain controversial. To compare testicular hormone levels in young boys with and without cryptorchidism, we performed a cross-sectional hospital-based study. From surgery appointment records, we identified a case group of boys with unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism and a control group undergoing dental care, minor osteoarticular or dermal surgery. Blood samples were withdrawn during the surgical procedure to perform testosterone, inhibin B and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) immunoassays. We included 27 cryptorchid boys and 27 controls aged of 26.6 vs. 24.2 months, respectively (p = 0.172) far from the post-natal mini-puberty and the corresponding hormonal surges. Age-adjusted AMH and inhibin B levels were significantly lower in cryptorchid than in control boys (AMH: 87 ng/mL vs. 135 ng/mL; p = 0.009, inhibin B: 97 pg/mL vs. 133 pg/mL; p = 0.019, respectively). Moreover, AMH and inhibin B levels were significantly lower in the bilateral cryptorchid subgroup, being 50% lower than in the controls (p = 0.011 and 0.019, respectively) and while both hormones levels were independent in controls, they became strongly correlated in bilateral cryptorchid boys (R² = 0.75, p = 0.001). In addition, testosterone levels were still detectable in some boys, with significantly lower levels in cryptorchid group than in controls. Overall, 2-year-old cryptorchid patients presented a simultaneous and significant drop in AMH and inhibin B levels, suggesting a functional defect of Sertoli cells. This deficiency appeared more pronounced in bilateral cryptorchidism and thus, regarding the pivotal role of Sertoli cells in germ cell development, it may explain the compromised fertility found later in men born with such a malformation.

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“…In boys with bilateral cryptorchidism, AMH is low in ∼ 75 % of those with non-palpable gonads and 35 % of those with inguinal gonads, indicating Sertoli cell dysfunction ( 58 ). Inhibin B is lower in cryptorchid boys and in boys with monorchia, even with compensatory hypertrophy, than in controls ( 59 ). AMH and inhibin B are expected to be normal in infants with abdominal wall or inguinal region defects or with impaired INSL3 signalling.…”

Section: Primary Hypogonadism With "Whole Testicular Dysfunction"mentioning

confidence: 97%

Sertoli cell markers in the diagnosis of paediatric male hypogonadism

Grinspon

Loreti²,

Braslavsky³

et al. 2012

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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During childhood, the pituitary-testicular axis is partially dormant: testosterone secretion decreases following a drop in luteinising hormone levels; follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels also go down. Conversely, Sertoli cells are most active, as revealed by the circulating levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B. Therefore, hypogonadism can best be evidenced, without stimulation tests, if Sertoli cell function is assessed. Serum AMH is high from fetal life until mid-puberty. Testicular AMH production increases in response to FSH and is potently inhibited by androgens. Inhibin B is high in the first years of life, then decreases partially while remaining clearly higher than in females, and increases again at puberty. Serum AMH and inhibin B are undetectable in anorchid patients. In primary or central hypogonadism affecting the whole gonad established in fetal life or childhood, all testicular markers are low. Conversely, when hypogonadism only affects Leydig cells, serum AMH and inhibin B are normal. In males of pubertal age with central hypogonadism, AMH and inhibin B are low. Treatment with FSH provokes an increase in serum levels of both Sertoli cell markers, whereas human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration increases testosterone levels. In conclusion, measurement of serum AMH and inhibin B is helpful in assessing testicular function, without need for stimulation tests, and orientates the aetiological diagnosis of paediatric male hypogonadism.

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Prepubertal serum inhibin B in cryptorchid infants and in monorchid boys with compensatory testicular hypertrophy

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Compensatory function of the remaining testis is dissociated in boys and adolescents with monorchidism

Compensatory function of the remaining testis is dissociated in boys and adolescents with monorchidism

Altered secretion of Sertoli cells hormones in 2‐year‐old prepubertal cryptorchid boys: a cross‐sectional study

Sertoli cell markers in the diagnosis of paediatric male hypogonadism

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