Preparing the ground for plateau growth: Late Neogene Central Anatolian uplift in the context of orogenic and geodynamic evolution since the Cretaceous

McPhee, Peter J.; Koç, Ayten; Hinsbergen, Douwe J.J. van

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2021.229131

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 217 publications

(368 reference statements)

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“…The surface uplift and active deformation of the CT have long been associated with the complex mantle processes related to subduction and slab deformation (Cosentino et al., 2012; Facenna et al., 2013; McPhee et al., 2022; Öğretmen et al., 2018; Racano et al., 2021; Schildgen et al., 2012a, 2012b, 2014). To investigate the properties of the mantle and the geometries of the slabs under the Eastern Mediterranean, comprehensive geophysical studies have been carried out in the last two decades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Deformation Pattern in the Western Flank of the Central Taurides, Southern Margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau: Inferences From Geomorphic Markers and Kinematic Indicators

2023

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The southwestern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau corresponds to the upper crust of the subduction between African and Anatolian plates, with a high relief of up to 2 km. This mountainous region has distinctive geomorphological features and presents a unique setting to investigate the mechanism of orogenic plateau margin development related to subduction and topographic evolution around the Eastern Mediterranean. We present new kinematic data from exposed fault planes and tectonic landforms from high‐resolution digital elevation models to elucidate the deformation pattern and its relation with the crustal deformation. We evaluate the deformation pattern based on the spatial distribution of kinematic analyses and geomorphic markers like low relief upland surfaces, disrupted karst basins, knickpoints, and deep bedrock incisions from watershed to shoreline. Our geomorphic analysis reveals a post‐orogenic transient actively deforming topography. The geomorphic markers constrain long‐term surface uplift pattern with a mean cumulative surface uplift of 1,710 ± 50 m and shows an increasing trend from west to east, from 1,600 ± 50 to 1,800 ± 50 m. Our results suggest a dome‐like uplift pattern in the west‐east direction across the southern margin that reaches up to maximum cumulative uplift values in the quadrangle of Alanya‐Başyayla‐Ermenek‐Gazipaşa. Our kinematic measurements along the youngest generation of faults revealed an active NE‐SW extensional deformation across a broad 200 km zone in the north of the subduction. Our findings have significant implications for understanding the morphotectonic evolution and post‐orogenic deformation in the plateau margins and geodynamic evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Deformation Pattern in the Western Flank of the Central Taurides, Southern Margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau: Inferences From Geomorphic Markers and Kinematic Indicators

2023

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“…The orogen is complex, curved, and highly non-cylindrical ( van Hinsbergen et al, 2020) (Figure 1). Nappe stacking resulted in significant crustal thickening: in regions unaffected by later extension, the crust is still up to 40-45 km (Abgarmi et al, 2017;Cossette et al, 2016;McPhee et al, 2022).…”

Section: Plate Tectonic Setting and Regional Eastern Mediterranean Or...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithospheric unzipping explaining hot orogenesis during continental subduction

van Hinsbergen,

Lamont,

Guilmette

2024

Preprint

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Accretionary orogens often contain upper crustal nappes derived from subducted continental lithosphere that display (ultra-)high-pressure, low-temperature ((U)HP-LT) metamorphism. Surprisingly, such orogens also contain continent-derived nappes that underwent ‘Barrovian’ (MP-HT) prograde metamorphism instead. Here, we show that these Barrovian nappes were transported at a low angle below the orogenic crustover 150 km or more within ~10 Ma after the inception of its underthrusting. We show for three Barrovian nappes in the eastern Mediterranean region (Kırşehir Block, Menderes massif, Naxos Basal Unit) that they form the deepest exposed structural levels of the orogen and that they are still underlain by 20-35 km thick crust but not their pre-orogenic lithospheric mantle, which forms part of steeply subducted slabs instead. We propose that these Barrovian nappes were accreted by a process of lithospheric unzipping, whereby during continental subduction the crust decoupled around the Moho and underplated the accretionary orogen at low angle while the mantle lithosphere subducted steeply, as a slab. The unzipped crust, unprotected by mantle lithosphere, heated up quickly as it underthrusted the orogen. We propose that continental subduction has three modes: (i) Formation of thin (U)HP-LT nappes during subduction of stretched continental margins; (ii) underplating of thicker, MP-HT continental crust by unzipping; and (iii) eventual arrest of continental subduction with the arrival of unstretched continent. Finally, the process of lithospheric unzipping may have been the default geological response to continental subduction in a hotter, younger Earth, possibly explaining enigmatic hot Proterozoic orogenesis, such as in the Trans-Hudson orogen of Canada.

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“…(d) Uplift of the SE Carpathians and subsidence of the Focşani depression associated with mantle earthquakes (after Ren et al., 2012). (e) Internal drainage (hashed area) and uplifted Miocene basins (yellow areas) in Central Anatolia (from McPhee et al., 2022).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Potential Dripping Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Styles of Lithospheric Dripping: Synthesizing Gravitational Instability Models, Continental Tectonics, and Geologic Observations

McMillan

Schoenbohm

2023

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Modern geology is based on the understanding developed since the 1960s that the deformation of Earth's crust is largely caused by translation and rotation of rigid plates of lithosphere, and therefore occurs in relatively narrow zones near the edges of these plates (e.g., Burke, 2011;Royden, 1993). However, it has long been noted that the plate tectonic paradigm has difficulty explaining the geology of continental interiors, where significant crustal deformation can occur in diffuse belts far from plate boundaries (Molnar, 1988). Ongoing research in tectonics, geodynamics, and intraplate volcanism seeks to understand the evolution of major, continental-scale features and the extent to which they depend on plate-boundary stresses or other processes such as lithospheric dynamics (e.g.,

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Preparing the ground for plateau growth: Late Neogene Central Anatolian uplift in the context of orogenic and geodynamic evolution since the Cretaceous

Cited by 14 publications

References 217 publications

Active Deformation Pattern in the Western Flank of the Central Taurides, Southern Margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau: Inferences From Geomorphic Markers and Kinematic Indicators

Active Deformation Pattern in the Western Flank of the Central Taurides, Southern Margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau: Inferences From Geomorphic Markers and Kinematic Indicators

Lithospheric unzipping explaining hot orogenesis during continental subduction

Diverse Styles of Lithospheric Dripping: Synthesizing Gravitational Instability Models, Continental Tectonics, and Geologic Observations

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