Preparing Catalytic Materials by the Sol-Gel Method

Ward, David A.; Ko, Edmond I.

doi:10.1021/ie00041a001

Cited by 265 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Thus, we have studied a way to solve these problems using the sol-gel method. Unlike the highly exothermic combustion process, the sol-gel method is easy and simple to control and suitable for scale-up to the kilogram level [18]. In general, the sol-gel process involves the evolution of inorganic networks through formation of a colloidal suspension (sol) and gelation of the sol to form a three dimensional network in a continuous liquid phase (gel).…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of thin-multiwalled carbon nanotubes by Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst using sol-gel method

Dubey¹,

Choi²,

Kim³

et al. 2012

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The sol-gel technique has been studied to fabricate a homogeneous Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst. Ambient effects (air, Ar, and H 2 ) on thermal decomposition of the citrate precursor have been systematically investigated to fabricate an Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst. Severe agglomeration of metal catalyst was observed under thermal decomposition of citrate precursor in air atmosphere. Ar/H 2 atmosphere effectively restricted agglomeration of bimetallic catalyst and formation of highly-dispersed Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst with high specific surface-area due to the formation of Fe-Mo nanoclusters within MgO support. High-quality thin-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (t-MWCNTs) with uniform diameters were achieved on a large scale by catalytic decomposition of methane over Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst prepared under Ar-atmosphere. The produced t-MWCNTs had outer diameters in the range of 4-8 nm (average diameter ~6.6 nm) and wall numbers in the range of 4-7 graphenes. The as-synthesized t-MWCNTs showed product yields over 450% relative to the utilized Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst, and indicated a purity of about 85%.

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Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of thin-multiwalled carbon nanotubes by Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst using sol-gel method

Dubey¹,

Choi²,

Kim³

et al. 2012

Carbon letters

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“…Among the various photocatalytic materials that have been used, most attention has focused on titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) as a photocatalystin diverse areas ranging from water and air treatment to self-cleaning surfaces.Nanoparticles have been prepared by many methods such as Langmuir-Blodgett filmsYi et al [7], vesiclesYoun et al [8]and reverse microemulsionsFendler et al [8].The chemical and physical properties exhibited by these materials depend,amongothers,on both the composition and the degree of homogeneity.Therefore, different synthesis strategies have been developed Toba et al [9], Gao et al [10].such as co-precipitation,flame hydrolysis, impregnation,chemicalvapourdeposition,etc.The sol-gel route has demonstrated a high potential for controlling the bulk and surface properties of the oxides (Ward et al [11],Liu et al [12], Schraml-Marth et al [13]). Depending on the drying conditions the binary oxides could be obtained as aerogels, either by supercritical drying Pajonk et al [14], Dusi et al [15],or by silanization of the material previously to a conventional drying Sotelo et al [16].Additionally, non-hydrolytic sol-gel routes have been also reported in the literatureHay et al [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Technique

Devi¹,

Venckatesh²,

Sivaraj³

2014

IJIRSET

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Nanosized Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) powder was synthesized via sol-gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as the precursor. The as prepared nano powder was used for further characterization. The phase transformation was investigated by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The anatase structure of titanium dioxide was obtained after calcination. The microstructure was characterized by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

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“…Polymeric and particulate structures can be obtained depending on the sol-gel process parameters [1]. Pore structure of the particulate membranes is mainly determined by the size and the packing behaviour of the highly cross-linked particulates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of particulate/polymeric sol–gel derived microporous silica membranes and determination of their gas permeation properties

Topuz

Çiftçioğlu

2010

Journal of Membrane Science

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a b s t r a c tMonodisperse silica sols with well-defined spherical particles ranging in size from 5 to 310 nm were prepared through Stober process. Both particulate and polymeric sol-gel routes were employed for the preparation of stable silica sols. The use of polymeric species in combination with particulate silica spheres may allow the design of predefined membrane pore structures with high thermal stability by cubic/random/close packing of monodisperse spherical particles incorporated into the polymeric network. The size and volume content of spheres were varied in order to modify the consolidation behaviour of 2-structural silica membranes which would enhance the thermal stability. The low shrinkage level for sphere loaded 2-structural systems compared to the pure polymeric counterparts might be explained by the decrease in the structural free energy of the polymeric/particulate 2-structural system. The thermal stability of the microporous membranes may thus be improved by incorporating particulates into the polymeric network through the formation of a lower extent of thermally induced microcrack formation. The N 2 permeation through 90 nm silica sphere added silica membranes remained constant when they were heat treated in the 250-400 • C range indicating the stability of the pore network.

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Preparing Catalytic Materials by the Sol-Gel Method

Cited by 265 publications

References 30 publications

Synthesis of thin-multiwalled carbon nanotubes by Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst using sol-gel method

Synthesis of thin-multiwalled carbon nanotubes by Fe-Mo/MgO catalyst using sol-gel method

Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Technique

Preparation of particulate/polymeric sol–gel derived microporous silica membranes and determination of their gas permeation properties

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