Preparing a Bioactive (Chitosan/Sodium Hyaluronate)/SrHA Coating on Mg–Zn–Ca Alloy for Orthopedic Implant Applications

Abstract

The uncontrollable rapid degradation rate of the Mg alloy substrate limited its clinical application, and implant-associated infections have been reported to be the main reason for the secondary surgery of orthopedic implantation. The aim of this study was to produce a multifunctional coating on magnesium-based alloys that have improved corrosion resistance, bioactivity, and antibacterial properties through the preparation of polyelectrolytic multilayers (PEMs) consisting of chitosan (CS) and sodium hyaluronate (HA) on silane-modified strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite (hereafter referred to as Bil (SH + CS)/SrHA). The multifunctional coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed the polyelectrolyte complex SH/CS layer to be uniformly and tightly attached on to the surface of silane-treated SrHA. At the same time, a potentiodynamic polarization test and hydrogen evolution test showed the Bil (SH + CS)/SrHA coatings to exhibit superior corrosion resistance than bulk Mg-based alloys. The results of the cell–surface interactions revealed Bil (SH + CS)/SrHA coatings to be in favor of cell initial adhesion and more beneficial to the proliferation and growth of cells with the processing of co-culture. In addition, antibacterial tests demonstrated the strong bactericidal effect of Bil (SH + CS)/SrHA coatings against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus (S. aureus), suggesting that Bil (SH + CS)/SrHA coatings can successfully achieve multifunctionality with enhanced corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties.

Attaining High Functional Performance in Biodegradable Mg-Alloys: An Overview of Challenges and Prospects for the Mg-Zn-Ca System

“…Leaving the early publication aside for a while, one can notice that, in 2022 alone, more than 30 articles were published about this system, including a recent review by Istrate et al [ 33 ]. In this multifaceted research field, several works have been devoted to the study of the effect of alloying and production methods, including the fabrication of Mg-based composites based on the Mg-Zn-Ca (ZX) system [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. The influence of heat treatment, metal-forming techniques relying on strain hardening, and various schemes exploiting severe plastic deformation for grain refinement and texture manipulation are described in refs.…”

“…The relationship between the mechanical and corrosion properties and the anisotropy and texture of magnesium alloys are the focus of dedicated publications [ 50 , 51 , 52 ]. The significance of coatings for improved corrosion properties is discussed on many occasions; see [ 40 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ] for examples. The in vivo response of biodegradable magnesium alloys represents a vast area of rapidly growing and promising research that cuts across many disparate fields involving materials design and engineering, biological expertise, and in-depth clinical evaluation [ 5 ].…”

Development of Nanoparticle-Based Biodegradable Polymer Composite Film for Antifungal Drug Delivery in Prosthetic Joint Infection

“…Fluconazole remains one of the most prescribed antifungal agents because of its excellent bioavailability, tolerability and fewer side effects. 12 To sustain therapeutic drug concentrations in bone tissue for specified durations, antifungal agents must be periodically reintroduced when administered systemically. Prolonged systemic delivery of antifungal agents may elevate the risk of systemic adverse effects or cause discomfort for the patient.…”

Bioinspired Strategies for Functionalization of Mg-Based Stents

“…Rapid degrading behavior often results in adverse reactions, such as hydrogen gas and local alkalization [10,11], and even leads to stent failure owing to the premature loss of radial support. Therefore, improving the corrosion resistance and pro-endothelialization ability are of great significance in promoting the clinical application of Mg-based stents [12][13][14].…”

“…the corrosion resistance and pro-endothelialization ability are of great significance moting the clinical application of Mg-based stents [12][13][14].…”