Preparations and Characterizations of Luminescent Two Dimensional Organic-inorganic Perovskite Semiconductors

Abstract

This article reviews the synthesis, structural and optical characterizations of some novel luminescent two dimensional organic-inorganic perovskite (2DOIP) semiconductors. These 2DOIP semiconductors show a self-assembled nano-layered structure, having the electronic structure of multi-quantum wells. 2DOIP thin layers and nanoparticles have been prepared through different methods. The structures of the 2DOIP semiconductors are characterized by atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The optical properties of the 2DOIP semiconductors are characterized from absorption and photoluminescence spectra measured at room and low temperatures. Influences of different components, in particular the organic parts, on the structural and optical properties of the 2DOIP semiconductors are discussed.

Composite Nature of Layered Hybrid Perovskites: Assessment on Quantum and Dielectric Confinements and Band Alignment

“…Because band edge states (valence band maximum (VBM) and conduction band minimum (CBM)) in HOP are mainly determined by the hybridization between metal and halogen orbitals, substituting halogen atoms as well as mixing them have been used to tailor the band gap and photoluminescence (PL) properties of these materials. 53,54 For instance, in (EA) 4 Pb 3 X 10 (EA=CH 3 CH 2 NH 3 ) layered perovskites, an increase of the band gap was observed in the absorption or emission spectra when X was varied from Br to Cl. 24 We inspect 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Figure S4).…”

Perovskite‐Based Hybrid Solar Cells Exceeding 10% Efficiency with High Reproducibility Using a Thin Film Sandwich Approach

“…To this end, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is exploited as a solvent which, as compared to the commonly used solvents dimethyl formamide (DMF) and γ -butyrolactone, enables to prepare precursor solutions with considerably enhanced concentrations of the perovskite materials, up to 60 wt%. [ 18 ] Slightly higher concentrations are still possible but were found too viscous for reliable spincoating. The crystalline quality of the resulting perovskite fi lms is demonstrated in Figure 1 c which displays the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectrum corresponding to a precursor concentration of 60 wt%.…”

Exfoliation of self-assembled 2D organic-inorganic perovskite semiconductors

“…The family of metal halide based organic-inorganic perovskites have been extensively studied for their optical and electrical properties. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Recently, 3D perovskites of the form CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3Àx Cl x have been used to produce solar cells with efficiencies of up to 15%. 1-4 2D lead iodide (PbI) perovskites have also received a great deal of attention as self-assembling multiple quantum well structures with exciton binding energies in excess of 200 meV.…”

“…Quantum and dielectric confinement of excitons in the inorganic sheets create room temperature excitons with high oscillator strength. A wide range of controllable processing methods are available to lay down such films, for example, spin coating, [8][9][10] layer-by-layer deposition, 11,12 or intercalation of organic molecules into PbI 2 structures. [13][14][15] Thus, 2D PbI perovskites are promising candidates for use as active materials in optoelectronic devices.…”