Preparation, physicochemical characterization, and in vitro and in vivo osteogenic evaluation of a bioresorbable, moldable, hydroxyapatite/poly(caprolactone‐co‐lactide) bone substitute

Abstract

Use of bioresorbable artificial bone substitutes is anticipated for bone augmentation in dental implant surgery because they are relatively economical and uniform in quality compared to heterogeneous bone. In this study, a new shapable, rubbery, bioresorbable bone substitute was developed. The material was prepared by ultrasonically dispersing hydroxyapatite (HA) particles throughout a poly (caprolactone‐co‐lactide) (PCLLA) rubbery matrix. Physiochemical properties of the bone substitute including its composition, deformability, anti‐collapse ability, degradation behavior, and in vitro and in vivo osteogenic ability were evaluated. Results revealed that HA/PCLLA, which consists of homogeneously dispersed HA particles and a rubbery matrix composed of PCLLA, possesses a deformable capacity. The result of the mass retention rate of the material indicated an excellent durability in an aqueous environment. Further, the effects of HA/PCLLA on cell functions and bone‐regenerated performance were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that HA/PCLLA had enhanced proliferative capacity, and ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in vitro. It was also found that HA/PCLLA had an appropriate degradation rate to induce consecutive new bone formation without collapse at the early stage in vivo, as well as the ability to maintain the contour of the bone‐grafting area, which is comparable to the deproteinized bovine bone mineral. These results indicated that HA/PCLLA is a promising bioresorbable bone substitute with properties that meet clinical requirements, including deformability, resistance to collapse in an aqueous environment, appropriate early‐stage degradation rate, biocompatibility, osteogenic bioactivity and the capacity to regenerate bone tissue with favorable contour.

PCLLA-nanoHA Bone Substitute Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization and Improves Alveolar Bone Repair in Diabetic Environments

“…The enrichment analysis provides additional evidence that the PCLLA-nanoHA material influences the gene expression profile and signaling pathways in OB macrophages, particularly highlighting the significant enrichment of genes in the TGF-β pathway [27]. This information reinforces the potential role of PCLLA-nanoHA in promoting macrophage polarization towards a reparative phenotype and supports its potential application in tissue repair and regeneration [22].…”

“…After sonicating for half an hour, the mixture solution was heated to remove the solvent. The obtained product was further dried under vacuum at 70 • C for 24 h [22]. The sterilized product is then used for subsequent in vitro and in vivo experiments after Co60 gamma-ray irradiation.…”

Properties of Calcium Phosphate/Hydrogel Bone Grafting Composite on the Model of Diaphyseal Rat Femur’s Defect: Experimental Study

“…Развитие наук о материалах позволяет создавать большое количе ство соединений и композитов с вероятными кли ническими свойствами (способность к биодегра дации с заданной скоростью, остеокондуктивность, остеоиндуктивность и остеогенность). Однако толь ко теоретически, без проведения исследований на животных моделях, подтвердить или опровергнуть наличие таких свойств невозможно [5,6,7].…”