“…The three peaks at about 284.6, 286.3 and 288.5 eV can be attributed to C–C/CC, C–O and CO species, respectively. 48,49 It is obvious that the C–C/CC peak intensity of MT-180-AM and MT-200-BA gradually decreases compared with that of MT-160-M, suggesting the decrease of C content in the two catalysts, in good agreement with the results of the Ti 2p and O 1s spectra.…”