Preparation of Ultrafine RuO2 ‐ TiO2 Binary Oxide Particles by a Sol‐Gel Process

Abstract

Ultrafine binary oxide particles of RuQ-TiO2 have been prepared by a sol-gel process consisting of hydrolysis and condensation of metal alkoxides in the liquid phase. This process enabled us to obtain desired rutile-type solid solution oxides of ruthenium and titanium with well-defined stoichiometry, except for the Ti-rich oxide composition, which appear not to form a homogeneous solid solution.) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 139.133.11.5 Downloaded on 2014-10-05 to IP

Electronic Conductivity and Stability of Doped Titania (Ti1−XMXO2, M = Nb, Ru, and Ta)—A Density Functional Theory-Based Comparison

“…consistent with the observations of Haas et al, 5 Kameyama et al, 49 and Colomer and Jurado 27 who did not see the formation of a uniform Ti 1-X Ru X O 2 solution at X ∼0.25 and below. This is contrary to the study of Wang 6 et al who claimed that they synthesized Ti 0.9 Ru 0.1 O 2 catalyst support.…”

Synthesis of nanocrystalline RuO2(60%)-SnO2(40%) powders by amorphous citrate route

“…[7], the authors referred to that the precursor containing Ru 3+ was oxidized not by oxygen but by disproportionation when the particle size was large. No Ru metallic phase was observed in the RuO 2 -TiO 2 binary oxides since the particle size was reduced by the Ti-additive effect [14] . However, in this work, the metallic Ru phase can not be explained only by the particle size or disproportionation.…”

“…The citrate process in the synthesis of highly dispersed mixed oxides and solid solutions, has been used extensively [10][11][12] . Though the method is fairly simple, higher calcinations temperatures have been reported and requires an oxidizing agent and necessarily a fuel in the reaction mixture [13,14] . In the present work, the nanostructured RuO 2 -SnO 2 by the citrate-gel method was synthesized.…”

Rutile-type dense ceramics fabricated by pressureless sintering of Ti1−xRuxO2 powders prepared by sol–gel

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In this regard, the sol-gel process may serve as a good approach to prepare oxide powders or films of this system and several studies have been found in the literature about it. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The advantage of using this technique is that one could find electrode structures which possess in principle a uniform and homogeneous distribution of electrocatalytically active ruthenium contacts throughout the electrode microstructure, which is not possible to obtain by the conventional decomposition methods. However, a serious drawback in the processing of materials based on RuO 2 is the well-established chemical reactivity above ∼700 • C where RuO 2 becomes volatile and oxidizes to RuO 3 a vacuum).…”

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The advantage of using this technique is that one could find electrode structures which possess in principle a uniform and homogeneous distribution of electrocatalytically active ruthenium contacts throughout the electrode microstructure, which is not possible to obtain by the conventional decomposition methods. However, a serious drawback in the processing of materials based on RuO 2 is the well-established chemical reactivity above ∼700 • C where RuO 2 becomes volatile and oxidizes to RuO 3 a vacuum). 11 The advantage of adding a second oxidic phase, such as ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , etc., is not only to reduce costs but also to provide a stabilization of the RuO 2 phase against oxidation or reduction processes.…”