Preparation of three-dimensional nanoporous Si using dealloying by metallic melt and application as a lithium-ion rechargeable battery negative electrode

Wada, Takeshi; Yamada, Jumpei; Kato, Hidemi

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.11.079

Cited by 84 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Si nanostructures such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes and nanosheets are designed to relieve mechanical strain. Porous Si, hollow spheres, yolk–shell structures, and their carbon composites are also designed to provide appropriate space for Si expansion. For the Si/C composite, Si particles are distributed in a conductive carbon matrix to ease Si volume variation and keep the mechanical integrity of the whole composite electrode.…”

Section: Challenges Of Si‐based Anodes and Strategies To Address Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top‐Down Synthesis of Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Mechanical Milling and Etching

et al. 2020

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Section: Challenges Of Si‐based Anodes and Strategies To Address Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top‐Down Synthesis of Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Mechanical Milling and Etching

et al. 2020

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“…However, it is likely that some of the residual Mg acts as a dopant in the silicon matrix. Doping the silicon in this manner actually makes it a suitable candidate for lithium–ion battery applications by providing an electron conducting pathway . Moreover, the amorphous nature of the as‐dealloyed material makes it more attractive for lithium–ion battery applications due to the enhanced cycling behavior reported in the literature …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the larger ligament class can work to promote mass transport, while the smaller ligament class heightens chemical activity . This dynamic has already shown great promise in the fabrication of anode materials for lithium–ion batteries through the creation of bimodal np‐Si and bimodal micro‐nano porous Si–Ag …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fabrication and Characterization of Bimodal Nanoporous Si with Retained Mg through Dealloying

Balk

2017

Adv Eng Mater

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The fabrication and characterization of bimodal nanoporous silicon films with retained magnesium, achieved through a novel approach utilizing free corrosion dealloying of precursor Si-Mg films in distilled water, is studied. Investigation of film structure and chemical composition using various techniques reveals important characteristics potentially relevant to lithium-ion battery applications. Dealloying of precursor films results in a hierarchal structure, where larger ligaments have an average width of 83 nm and smaller ligaments an average width of 19 nm. A thin, porous surface layer is present on most dealloyed films and is largely composed of magnesium and silicon oxides, as verified by XPS surface analysis. TEM studies reveal that as-dealloyed films are amorphous, but nanocrystalline silicon grains form after vacuum annealing at 500 C. EDS mapping and XPS reveal three distinct chemical composition regions through the film thickness, where residual magnesium generally increases as a function of film thickness, with the highest amount of retained magnesium at the surface. The ligament size, composition, and structure, combined with the simple, non-hazardous nature of the dealloying method, make this an attractive material and processing technique for efficient and scalable production of lithium-ion battery anode material.

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“…Active tensile stress, however, speeds up lithiation . The cyclic performance during the charging/discharging process and kinetic performance measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been commonly used to characterize the electrochemical behavior of commercial electrodes . Focusing on the active‐stress‐induced electrochemical behavior, Shim and Antartis et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…[38,39] The cyclic performance during the charging/discharging process and kinetic performance measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been commonly used to characterize the electrochemical behavior of commercial electrodes. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][40][41][42][43] Focusing on the activestress-induced electrochemical behavior, Shim and Antartis et al reported that compressive stress during electrode preparation affects diffusion and specific capacity. [41,42] With increased compressive stress, for instance, the electrode porosity gradually decreases, but the cyclic performance in a certain range is initially enhanced and then weakened.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Tensile/Compressive Stress‐Regulated Electrochemical Behavior and Mechanism in Electrodes

et al. 2018

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Coupling of mechanical load and electrochemical behavior of an electrode determines its fading process. Here, active‐stress‐regulated electrochemical behavior is investigated experimentally. A coin‐cell structure with curved spacers is designed to load active tensile/compressive stresses onto Si‐composite electrodes to decouple the effect from coupled stress. Electrochemical tests are conducted to measure the cyclic and kinetic performance in electrodes. It is found that active tensile (compressive) stress enhances (inhibits) the electrochemical behavior of Si‐composite electrodes, manifesting as improved (worsened) cyclic performance and faster (slower) diffusion and reaction. Furthermore, the extent of enhancement due to tensile stress is greater than the extent of inhibition induced by an equivalent compressive stress. Multi‐scale analyses of the regulation mechanism of active stress on electrochemical behavior are performed and show that active tensile stress provides more channels for ion transport and electron migration. It also increases spaces for deformation to achieve multi‐scale alleviation of compressive stress, including that originating from particle contact and that along the electrode thickness. Both diffusion and reaction are enhanced in particles and electrodes. Active tensile stress enhances cyclic performance and reduces energy dissipation, while the inhibition mechanism of active compressive stress is the opposite.

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Preparation of three-dimensional nanoporous Si using dealloying by metallic melt and application as a lithium-ion rechargeable battery negative electrode

Cited by 84 publications

References 46 publications

Top‐Down Synthesis of Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Mechanical Milling and Etching

Top‐Down Synthesis of Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Mechanical Milling and Etching

The Fabrication and Characterization of Bimodal Nanoporous Si with Retained Mg through Dealloying

Active Tensile/Compressive Stress‐Regulated Electrochemical Behavior and Mechanism in Electrodes

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