Preparation of thin gold-film electrode for an electrochemical gas sensor for phosphine and arsine

Nakano, Nobuo; Ogawa, Soichi

doi:10.1016/0925-4005(93)01210-u

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For this reason, the amperometric sensing system has been used in detecting various gases. (8)(9)(10) However, a new approach based on amperometric sensing techniques is necessary to improve the sensitivity and detection limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amperometric Sensor Consisting of Gold-Nanoparticle-Dispersed Carbon Fiber Electrodes for Blister Agent Detection

2010

Sensors and Materials

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Key words: blister agent, sulfur mustard, amperometric sensor, carbon fi ber, gold nanoparticle An amperometric sensor consisting of gold (Au)-nanoparticle-dispersed carbon fi ber (Au-NDCF) electrodes was developed for detecting a blister agent, i.e., sulfur mustard (HD) gas. A Au-NDCF electrode was prepared by casting hexane solution containing gold nanoparticles onto a carbon fi ber substrate. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images showed that the Au particles were highly dispersed on the carbon fi ber substrate. The diameter of the Au particles varied between 2 and 10 nm. By using the Au-NDCF electrode, no signifi cant response was observed even with the introduction of atmospheric species, such as NO, NO 2 , SO 2 , O 3 , NH 3 and CO, into the environment. The Au-NDCF electrode exhibited a relatively high sensitivity to HD, and the signal-tonoise (S/N) ratio of the proposed sensor depended on the amount of Au nanoparticles on the carbon fi ber and the potential applied to the Au-NDCF electrode. Thus, the resulting electrode could be used for HD (1-20 mg/m 3 ) detection without the error caused by atmospheric interferences. An HD detection limit (S/N = 3) of 1.5 mg/m 3 was obtained, which is the required concentration for an on-site HD monitoring system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amperometric Sensor Consisting of Gold-Nanoparticle-Dispersed Carbon Fiber Electrodes for Blister Agent Detection

2010

Sensors and Materials

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“…The response is linear and accurate. These sensors have been widely used in industrial applications and environmental monitoring for detecting H 2 [1,2] and toxic gases [3,4]. A gas-permeable membrane can regulate the gas flow rate into the sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improvement of gas sensitivity for a polymer membrane electrode by high-energy ion beam irradiation T. Tanaka* 1) , A. Yamada 1) , Y. Suzuki 1) , T. Kobayashi 1) , K. Takahashi 1) , T. Kambara 1) ,F. Saito 2) , K. Okamura 3) , S. Uchikoshi 3) , N. Nakano 3) , S. Hamago 4) , M. Takenaka 4) , D. Mano 5) , S. Morisaki 5) and A. Ogura 5) 1) RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 2) The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan 3) Rikenkeiki Co. Ltd., 2-7-6 Azusawa, Itabashi, Tokyo 174-8744, Japan 4) Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjyuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan 5) Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashi-mita, Tama, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan *Corresponding author. Tel.…”

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Improvement of gas sensitivity for a polymer membrane electrode by high-energy ion beam irradiation

Tanaka

Yamada

Suzuki

et al. 2011

Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Japan

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In industrial applications and environmental monitoring, amperometric gas sensors are very useful for detecting H 2 and toxic gases. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane was modified by high-energy ion beam irradiation to improve its gas sensitivity. The membrane was irradiated with N and Kr ion beams at energies of 5 MeV/nucleon and 4 MeV/nucleon, respectively, at fluences ranging from 1×10 12 to 1×10 13 ions/cm 2 . The energy loss of irradiated ions was simulated by the stopping and range of ions in matter. The irradiated ePTFE surfaces were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The characteristic currents for H 2 and toxic gases were measured by sensors equipped with non-irradiated and irradiated membranes. Chemical bonds were broken and the pore size increased with increasing fluences. The characteristic currents for H 2 and toxic also increased with increasing fluences. The CO gas sensitivity of N-irradiated ePTFE reached a maximum of only 212%. Meanwhile, I g /I 0 for CO sensing was significantly enhanced by Kr-irradiation at a fluence of 5×10 12 ions/cm 2 . This is due to the porous and amorphous structure on the membrane surface induced by ion beam irradiation. Thus, heavy ion irradiation was effective for improving gas sensitivity.

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“…The silver (Ag) electrode is necessary to make COCl 2 2 to prevent increase of the target temperature and the gas pressure in the target chamber [8,9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commercially available electrochemical gas sensors have been widely used, because of their simple and inexpensive feature for continuous monitoring [1][2][3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of characteristics of amperometric Cl<sub>2</sub> and COCl<sub>2</sub> gas sensors by ion irradiation into the gas permeable membranes

Imaya

Okamura

Nakano

et al. 2011

Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Japan

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Electrochemical sensors based on electrolysis of chlorine (Cl 2 ) and phosgene (COCl 2 ) gas have been developed by using gas permeable membrane modified by ion irradiation technique. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane is a chemically stable substance and has high permeability of gases without permeation of electrolytic solutions. In this study, gas permeable membrane of ePTFE has been made of ion irradiation of Ne + with a fluence of 1 × 10 15 ions/cm 2 . After ion-irradiation into ePTFE, Ag was coated by a vacuum evaporation method, which was used as a working electrode to construct the electrochemical gas sensors for Cl 2 and COCl 2 . The sensitivity for Cl 2 and COCl 2 of the sensors used the ion-irradiated ePTFE membrane showed significant enhancement, which was more than 3.8 and 1.3 times higher than that of non ion-irradiated one. Morphology change of ePTFE by ion irradiation was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The enhancement of the sensitivity by the ion irradiation is due to changing of active nature of the Ag electrode and increase of the effective surface area.

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Preparation of thin gold-film electrode for an electrochemical gas sensor for phosphine and arsine

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Amperometric Sensor Consisting of Gold-Nanoparticle-Dispersed Carbon Fiber Electrodes for Blister Agent Detection

Amperometric Sensor Consisting of Gold-Nanoparticle-Dispersed Carbon Fiber Electrodes for Blister Agent Detection

Improvement of gas sensitivity for a polymer membrane electrode by high-energy ion beam irradiation

Improvement of characteristics of amperometric Cl<sub>2</sub> and COCl<sub>2</sub> gas sensors by ion irradiation into the gas permeable membranes

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