Preparation of the Enzymatic Hydrolysates from Chlorella vulgaris Protein and Assessment of Their Antioxidant Potential Using Caenorhabditis elegans

Oxidative Stress Protection by Canary Seed (Phalaris canariensis L.) Peptides in Caco-2 Cells and Caenorhabditis elegans

“…In this these results are in agreement with those observed for ROS quantification (Figure 2C), where the treatment with 3 mg/mL decreased ROS levels (p < 0.01) compared to the 1 and 2 mg/mL treatments. Similarly, Zhang, Jiang [40] showed that supplementation of green alga (Chlorella vulgaris) protein hydrolysates at a concentration of 4 mg/mL successfully lowered the ROS in C. elegans compared to the untreated nematodes or lower peptide concentrations (1-2 mg/mL). We previously demonstrated the in vitro antioxidant capacity of peptides derived from commercial hydrolysis of canary seed protein [6]; yet, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the antioxidant activity of canary seed peptides obtained from simulated gastrointestinal digestion has been tested in vivo, indicating their nutraceutical potential.…”

Exploring the potential applications of biopeptides from seaweeds, insects, and food wastes: mechanisms, utilisation, and industry implications

“…Specifically identified biopeptides from various seaweeds including Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa , Arthrospira platensis , Spirulina platensis , Chlorella vulgaris , Pyropia pseudolinearis , Pyropia pseudolinearis , Tetradesmus , Pyropia yezoensis , Synechococcus , Wakame , Porphyra dioica , Sargassum maclurei , and Isochrysis zhanjiangensis have shown potencies in free radical scavenging, lifespan extension, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, anti‐inflammation, and immunomodulatory effects (Chen et al ., 2020; Pimentel et al ., 2020; Zheng et al ., 2020; Feng et al ., 2021; Kumagai et al ., 2021; Wang et al ., 2021; Zhang et al ., 2021; Morikawa et al ., 2022; MubarakAli et al ., 2022; Zhu et al ., 2022). Industrially, peptides derived from seaweeds have not been widely investigated or applied for businesses.…”

“…There are more than two thousand insects characterised as edible in the world, with high protein content, digestibility, and essential amino acid composition, meeting quality and nutritional standards (Belluco et al ., 2013), even though consumers' acceptance and allergic reactions elicited by some edible insects such as mites and crickets that possess tropomyosins remain critical challenges. Residues of pesticides and parasitic infections are other concerns on edible insects, but their potential as a biopeptide source has been discovered recently, with the popular ones being silkworm pupae, cricket, locust, Tenebrio molitor , mealworm larvae, black soldier fly larvae, and housefly larvae (Baek et al ., 2020; Batish et al ., 2020; Cho & Lee, 2020; Flores et al ., 2020; Hall & Liceaga, 2020; Pino et al ., 2020; Rivero‐Pino et al ., 2020, 2021; Sangtanoo et al ., 2020; Zhu et al ., 2020; De Matos et al ., 2021; Zhang et al ., 2021; Luo et al ., 2022; Sarkar et al ., 2022). They portend higher bio‐functions than biopeptides originating from conventional protein sources.…”

“…The proteins of seaweeds are also diverse along with different compositions and contents according to species, environmental conditions, and seasons, thus affecting the functionality of generated peptides (Cermeño et al ., 2020). Functional food development can incorporate seaweed peptides (based on their obtainment from Synechococcus , Tetradesmus , and Spirulina ) because they have been documented to possess antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory bio‐functions (Indumathi & Mehta, 2016; Fan et al ., 2017; Zheng et al ., 2017; Ovando et al ., 2018; Suttisuwan et al ., 2019; Zhang et al ., 2021; MubarakAli et al ., 2022). This is described in Table S1.…”