Preparation of Stable, Granular Formulations ContainingFusarium oxysporumPathogenic to Narcotic Plants

Connick, William J.; Daigle, Donald J.; Pepperman, Armand B.; Hebbar, K.P.; Lumsden, R. D.; Anderson, T. W.; Sands, David C.

doi:10.1006/bcon.1998.0653

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Potential for mass production and product stability are major considerations in developing a biocontrol formulation (Connick et al ., 1998). Many abiotic factors have been considered very important in controlling chlamydospore formation in Fusaria (Snyder & Hansen, 1941;Leach, 1962;Nyvall, 1970;Schippers & Old, 1974;Oritsejafor, 1986;Hebbar et al ., 1997;Ciotola et al ., 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Agricultural By-products in Liquid Culture on Chlamydospore Production by the Potential MycoherbicideFusarium oxysporumFoxy 2

Elzein

Kroschel

2004

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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Economically feasible inoculum mass production methods are required for successful application of Fusarium oxysporum Foxy 2 as a potential mycoherbicide. Therefore, different substrates (agricultural by-products) and the factors that influence the production of spores, especially chlamydospores, of Foxy 2 were investigated in liquid cultures. The substrates tested were cotton seed cake, maize stover, wheat and triticale stillage. The presence of plant fibers in the medium of unfiltered cotton seed cake (2.5%, w/v) significantly enhanced chlamydospore, micro-and macroconidia production by 150, 185, and 300%, respectively, compared to the filtered (fiberfree) medium. Regardless of the type of substrate tested, Foxy 2 was able to produce abundant chlamydospores (0.14 Á/2.7 )/10 7 mL (1 ) in all growth media. Generally, increasing the concentrations of cotton seed cake and maize stover in the medium significantly increased chlamydospore formation; however, this was not the case for wheat-based stillage. To optimize conditions required for chlamydospore production of Foxy 2, the effect of near ultra-violet (NUV) light, substrate combinations (synergism), level of agitation, incubation time and their interaction were studied. A liquid culture of 2.5% (w/v) filtered cotton seed cake, exposed to continuous NUV for 15 days, doubled the yield of chlamydospores (4.7)/10 6 mL (1 ) and macroconidia (5 )/10 5 mL (1 ), and increased microconidial production by one-third (1)/10 8 mL (1 ) compared to natural light. An apparent synergistic effect of substrate combination was observed, since the addition of 20% (v/v) of either wheat or triticale-based stillage to maize stover medium (1%, w/v) increased the number of chlamydospores produced by 16 or 12 times, respectively, compared to maize stover alone (1.4 )/10 6 mL (1 ), and 2 times more than either of the stillages. A significantly positive effect between a high level of agitation tested during incubation and chlamydospore production of Foxy 2 was recorded. All in all, substantial chlamydospore production of Foxy 2 (4.3)/10 7 mL (1 ) was successfully achieved within 12 days of incubation in a single-step liquid fermentation through the combination of 0.5% (w/v) maize stover plus 20% (v/v) wheat-based stillage and a high level of agitation (200 rpm).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Agricultural By-products in Liquid Culture on Chlamydospore Production by the Potential MycoherbicideFusarium oxysporumFoxy 2

Elzein

Kroschel

2004

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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“…An example is the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum, which has been considered as a biological agent for killing narcotic poppy, the source of opium (Connick et al 1998). This species also has been extensively studied as a mycoherbicide for narcotic coca and marijuana (Kleiner 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Population-Dynamics Approach to Assess the Threat of Plant Pathogens as Biological Weapons against Annual Crops

Madden¹,

Bosch²

2002

BioScience

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“…Microfungi were isolated from these infected broomrape plants and identified according to Klich (2002) and Raper and Fennell (1965) Fungal mycelium (5 g), distilled water (5 ml), starch (2 g), flour (15 g), unrefined corn oil (2 ml), silica (7 g; modified from Amsellem, Zidack, Quimby, & Gressel, 1999) 3 1 M sucrose (50 ml), flour (79 g), fungal mycelium (5 g), CaCl 2 (5.4 g), crude corn oil (2 ml; modified from Amsellem et al, 1999). 4 20 ml liquid conidial suspension (3 days culture), special ground rye flour (58 g), semolina (10 g), flour (20 g), distilled water (23 ml; modified from Müller-Stöver et al, 2002) 5 Semolina (32 g), flour (12.4 g), liquid conidial suspension (3 days culture), distilled water (23 ml; modified from Connick et al, 1998) No 1 pesta sc. a Special ground Sorghum vulgare flour (0.49 g), semolina (11.5 g), sclerotia (0.6 g), potato broth (2 ml) [sclerotia g/Sorghum -semolina (0.36 g)] No 2 pesta sc.…”

Section: Plant and Fungal Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesta granule trials withAspergillus alliaceusfor the biocontrol ofOrobanchespp.

Aybeke

Şen

Ökten

2015

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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The pathogenic fungus Aspergillus alliaceus has been shown to have potential for the biocontrol of Orobanche spp. (broomrape), a root parasitic plant. The effectiveness of A. alliaceus in reducing Orobanche infection was analysed using pesta granules prepared with different food formulations. The results showed that pesta granules comprising of fungal mycelia/spore mixtures from liquid and solid culture, sclerotia and fungal mycelia reduced Orobanche infection to a greater extent in below ground conditions when applied early and at high doses before crop sowing. In addition, pesta granules eliminated the risk of broomrape contamination within a 0.2-0.3 cm diameter of the granules. The sclerotial pathogenicity of A. alliaceus was compared with those of other fungi reported in other studies. In addition, some morphological and histological studies on the fungal pathogenicity on broomrape plants after infection are presented. The present study reveals the potential of sclerotial A. alliaceus pesta granule applications for long-term broomrape biocontrol under field conditions.

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Preparation of Stable, Granular Formulations ContainingFusarium oxysporumPathogenic to Narcotic Plants

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of Agricultural By-products in Liquid Culture on Chlamydospore Production by the Potential MycoherbicideFusarium oxysporumFoxy 2

Influence of Agricultural By-products in Liquid Culture on Chlamydospore Production by the Potential MycoherbicideFusarium oxysporumFoxy 2

A Population-Dynamics Approach to Assess the Threat of Plant Pathogens as Biological Weapons against Annual Crops

Pesta granule trials withAspergillus alliaceusfor the biocontrol ofOrobanchespp.

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