Preparation of spider silk protein bilayer small-diameter vascular scaffold and its biocompatibility and mechanism research

Abstract

In this study, recombinant spider silk protein (pNSR16) was blended with polycaprolactone (PCL), gelatin (Gt), and chitosan (CS) to prepare (pNSR16/PCL/CS)/ (pNSR16/PCL/Gt) bilayer small-diameter vascular scaffold through electrospinning in order to imitate multilayer structure of natural vessel. The surface morphology and properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, water contact angle, and mechanical tensile testing. The blood compatibility of scaffold was evaluated by recalcification coagulation time. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were separated from SD rat bone marrow, and MTT assay was used to evaluate cell growth. Cell compatibility and interaction mechanism between bilayered vascular scaffold and MSC were studied. Subcutaneous implantation was performed to evaluate in vivo inflammatory reaction and degradation behavior. The preliminary results indicated that the scaffold fibers were relatively uniform, and hydrophilic performance and blood compatibility were good. The values of the tensile strength and elongation at break of vascular scaffold were 39 ± 2 MPa and 118 ± 4%, respectively. MSC morphology was uniform and spindle, whose steady growth period was reached on the fifth day. MSC adhered well and proliferated vigorously on vascular scaffold surface. A large number of MSC could migrate into (pNSR16/PCL/CS)/(pNSR16/PCL/Gt) scaffold interior. pNSR16 and Notch receptor had interaction function at protein level. The preparation of (pNSR16/PCL/CS)/(pNSR16/PCL/Gt) laid foundation for the construction of tissue engineering vessel.

Core-Shell Nanofibrous Scaffold Based on Polycaprolactone-Silk Fibroin Emulsion Electrospinning for Tissue Engineering Applications

“…Together with its exceptional elasticity and minimal immunogenic response [ 24 ], silk fibroin (SF) has been universally accepted biopolymer in tissue engineering domain [ 25 , 26 ]. These very intrinsic disparities of both PCL and silk fibroin have been utilized in numerous research field of bone [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], skin, wound healing [ 30 , 31 , 32 ], tendon tissue engineering [ 33 ], vascular [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], and a myriad of other tissue engineering applications [ 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

<p>Preparation of PU/Fibrin Vascular Scaffold with Good Biomechanical Properties and Evaluation of Its Performance in vitro and in vivo</p>

“…Until then, our research group has done a lot of work similar to the preparation of PU/fibrin vascular scaffolds using electrospinning technology. [14][15][16] In short, we dissolved 15% wt of PU in a tetrahydrofuran (THF)/dimethylformamide (DMF) solution (3:1v/v) and put it in stirring instrument for 24 hours to prepare PU solution. Fibrin with a concentration of 10%wt was dissolved in 98% formic acid solution and stirred for 4 hours to obtain fibrin solution.…”

Silk‐Based Biomaterials in Biomedical Textiles and Fiber‐Based Implants

“…Interestingly, electrospun fibers composed of unmixed B. mori fibroin and type I calf skin collagen or B. mori fibroin and chitin (prepared by electrospinning from two syringes simultaneously and subsequently cross-linked with glutaraldehyde) showed higher levels of cell adhesion and proliferation for NHEK cells in vitro [88–90] . The mechanical properties of electrospun SF scaffolds were enhanced by uniformly dispersing hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles within the SF nanofibers [91] .…”