Preparation of spherical spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material for Li-ion batteries

He, Xiangming; Li, Jianjun; Yan, Chuanwei; Wan, Chunrong

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.06.006

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[2][3][4][5][6][7] The spinel structure of this material offers a 3D diffusion pathway for lithium intercalation/ deintercalation. Lithiation occurs reversibly as per the following reaction Li x Mn 2 O 4 þ DxLi þ þ Dxe À $ Li xþDx Mn 2 O 4 However, use of this material faces several challenges including somewhat limited rate capabilities, 8 dissolution of Mn 2þ ions into the electrolyte, 9,10 and a strong Jahn-Teller distortion at low potentials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Phase Transformation Behavior in Li(Mn1.5Ni0.5)O4 Cathodes Studied By In Situ XRD

Rhodes

Meisner

Kim

et al. 2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In situ X-ray diffraction of Li(Mn 1.5 Ni 0.5 )O 4 was performed using a novel electrochemical cell based on coin cell hardware. The pristine material had a cubic spinel structure with a Ni 2þ oxidation state. As the cell was charged through its 4.75V plateau, a transition between spinels with Ni 2þ , Ni 3þ , and Ni 4þ oxidation was observed. As the oxidation of the nickel increased, the lattice parameter of the corresponding spinel diminished. During discharge, the spinel reversed its phase changes until only the Ni 2þ spinel was observed. As the discharge potential reached a plateau at 2.75V a tetragonal spinel phase was formed, which upon subsequent cell charging was completely converted back to a cubic spinel phase. Lattice parameter changes of each phase were calculated and showed a characteristic strain release during phase changes. After 15 full cycles the transition between cubic spinels was no longer complete and the formation of the tetragonal spinel phase was no longer detected. This suggests a gradual change from an ordered to disordered MNO structure and lithium trapping in the active material. These cycle-induced changes to phase transition behavior can be related to capacity fade and overall cell performance.A global demand for portable, high power energy storage systems has made the development of improved lithium ion batteries (LIBs) an important research priority. 1 Consumer electronics, electrical vehicles, power grid regulation, and remote sensing applications all stand to benefit from LIBs with higher power, greater capacity, and longer life. To achieve this goal the structural behavior of the active electrode materials must be well understood at multiple levels from lattice, to particle, to composite. How the structure changes as the material is reversibly intercalated or alloyed with lithium as well as how the structure evolves over the course of many lithiation/delithiation cycles are important considerations in the design, development, and selection of active materials.Among current cathode materials for lithium ion batteries those based on the LiMn 2 O 4 spinel structure are advantageous in their nontoxicity, low cost, and ease of preparation. 2-7 The spinel structure of this material offers a 3D diffusion pathway for lithium intercalation/ deintercalation. Lithiation occurs reversibly as per the following reactionHowever, use of this material faces several challenges including somewhat limited rate capabilities, 8 dissolution of Mn 2þ ions into the electrolyte, 9,10 and a strong Jahn-Teller distortion at low potentials. 10-12 At low potentials the Mn 3þ /Mn 4þ redox couple produces Mn 3þ ions which may participate in the following disproportion reaction at the interface between the particle and the electrolyte 2Mn 3þ solid ! Mn 4þ solid þMn 2þ electrolyte At high degrees of lithiation, LiMn 2 O 4 will undergo a Jahn-Teller distortion that forces it from a cubic to tetragonal spinel structure as Li 2 Mn 2 O 4 is formed. 10-12 Any regions of material in this tetragonal phase, most likely ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Phase Transformation Behavior in Li(Mn1.5Ni0.5)O4 Cathodes Studied By In Situ XRD

Rhodes

Meisner

Kim

et al. 2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…LMO의 물성을 개선시키기 위한 많은 방법에는 LMO의 합성에 Mn 원료로 사용되는 Mn 전구체를 조절하여 LMO의 전기화학적 특성을 향상시키고자 하는 방법이 포 함된다 [11][12][13].…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Heat Treatment Effect of Seed on Synthesis of Chemical Manganese Dioxide (CMD) and Electrochemical Properties of LiMn₂O₄obtained from the CMD

Kim¹,

Cho²,

Roh³

et al. 2013

Korean Chemical Engineering Research

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-A series of Mn compound were prepared by seed-assisted method. The seed used in this reaction was manufactured by calcination of MnCO 3 at various temperatures and effects of the calcination temperature on seed-assisted reaction were investigated. With increase of the calcination temperature, CMD (γ-MnO 2 ) was recovered after seedassisted reactions . LMO used as cathode active material in the Li-ion batteries were synthesized from Mn source obtained in the seed-assisted reaction and the electrochemical properties (rate capability, cycle life performance and specific capacity) of the LMO were investigated. The LMO synthesized from the CMD which is obtained by the reaction with seed prepared by calcination of MnCO 3 more than 350 o C shown good electrochemical properties.

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“…Spinel LiMn 2 O 4 , owing to its easy preparation, economic, and environmental advantages, is considered to be a promising material for the positive electrode of secondary lithium batteries [1][2][3]. The compound has significant advantages in terms of toxicity and cost over LiCoO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical performance of Al2O3 pre-coated spinel LiMn2O4

Zhou

Zhu

et al. 2015

Rare Met.

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Al 2 O 3 -coated spinel LiMn 2 O 4 cathode materials, presintered LiMn 2 O 4 (P-LMO), and calcined LiMn 2 O 4 (C-LMO) were synthesized by chemical deposition and thermal treating method using presintered and calcined LiMn 2 O 4 as precursors. The crystal structure, morphology, the thickness of the coating layer, and particle size of prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and Malvern instruments. The average particle size of P-LMO with like-spheres (0.3 lm) is much smaller than that of C-LMO (0.5 lm). The Al 2 O 3 layer of P-LMO can effectively reduce the charge transfer resistance and inhibit the Mn dissolution. The electrochemical performance of P-LMO is better than that of C-LMO. It is found that the LiMn 2 O 4 cathode materials have excellent electrochemical cyclability by coated 2 mol% Al 2 O 3 at the surface of presintered material. The initial discharge capacity of the material with 2 mol% Al 2 O 3 -coated is 114.0 mAhÁg -1 at 0.1C rate and 55°C, and the capacity retention is 87.3 % at 0.5C rate.

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Preparation of spherical spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material for Li-ion batteries

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Evolution of Phase Transformation Behavior in Li(Mn1.5Ni0.5)O4 Cathodes Studied By In Situ XRD

Evolution of Phase Transformation Behavior in Li(Mn1.5Ni0.5)O4 Cathodes Studied By In Situ XRD

Heat Treatment Effect of Seed on Synthesis of Chemical Manganese Dioxide (CMD) and Electrochemical Properties of LiMn₂O₄obtained from the CMD

Electrochemical performance of Al2O3 pre-coated spinel LiMn2O4

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Preparation of spherical spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material for Li-ion batteries

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Evolution of Phase Transformation Behavior in Li(Mn1.5Ni0.5)O4 Cathodes Studied By In Situ XRD

Evolution of Phase Transformation Behavior in Li(Mn1.5Ni0.5)O4 Cathodes Studied By In Situ XRD

Heat Treatment Effect of Seed on Synthesis of Chemical Manganese Dioxide (CMD) and Electrochemical Properties of LiMn2O4obtained from the CMD

Electrochemical performance of Al2O3 pre-coated spinel LiMn2O4

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Heat Treatment Effect of Seed on Synthesis of Chemical Manganese Dioxide (CMD) and Electrochemical Properties of LiMn₂O₄obtained from the CMD