Preparation of porous mullite ceramic supports from high alumina fly ash

Application of coal fly ash based ceramic membranes in wastewater treatment: A sustainable alternative to commercial materials

“…In order to make synthetic membranes more flexible, glycerine is mostly utilized as a plasticizer. The porous ceramic membrane's porosity is increased using pore-forming materials including dextrin [ 84 , 85 ], calcium carbonate [ 81 , 82 , 86 ], and spherical graphite [ 79 , 87 ] which decompose completely during the sintering process. Table 1 gives the properties, configurations, and fabrication techniques of some coal fly ash based ceramic membranes.…”

“… Porous mullite ceramic supports from high alumina fly ash Dry pressing method Spherical graphite as pore-forming agent. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder Whose apparent porosity 55.7 %, Flexural strength 8.5 MPa and [ 87 ] Kaolin-fly ash-based membranes Paste-casting method H 3 BO 3 and na 2 co 3 were used to provide homogeneity Calcium carbonate defines the pore morphology Sodium metasilicate (na 2 sio 3 .9h 2 o) acts as a binder. Porosity (∼34.36–39.0 %), pore size (∼0.65–1.81 μm) flexural strength (∼10–30 mpa) [ 83 ] SiC-Coal fly ash ceramic membranes dry pressing method Polyvinyl alcohol Graphite- pore former Porosity 54.46 % exhibited good, mechanical properties [ 79 ] Coal fly ash ceramic membrane extrusion method Dolomite used as a pore-forming Carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc) used as a binder Glycerin used as a plasticizer , Large particles reduced mechanical strength of fly ash based membranes while increasing porosity.…”

“…These pore-forming agents can be either inorganic or organic compounds that decompose at high temperatures. Cui et al [ 87 ] studied the effect of pore-forming agent dosage on the characteristics of coal fly ash ceramic membrane. Spherical graphite was used as a pore-forming agent in their investigation, and the dosage was altered as wt%.…”