Preparation of polydopamine coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles and their application for enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples

Abstract

a b s t r a c tCore/shell structured magnetic Fe 3 O 4 /polydopamine (Fe 3 O 4 /PDA) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized and developed as a magnetic solid-phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent in dispersion mode for the determination of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental samples. The Fe 3 O 4 /PDA synthetic procedure is simple and involves no organic solvents. Only 20 mg of Fe 3 O 4 /PDA adsorbents are required to extract PAHs from 500 mL water samples. The adsorption attains equilibrium rapidly and analysts are eluted with acetonitrile readily. The extraction efficiency is not influenced by salt concentrations up to 300 mM and pH values over the range 4-11. Under optimized conditions, the detection limits of PAHs are in the range of 0.5-1.9 ng L −1 . The accuracy of the method is evaluated by the recoveries of PAHs from environmental samples. Good recoveries (76.4-107%) with low relative standard deviations from 1.0% to 9.7% are achieved. Comparison study shows that the recoveries of target PAHs are low when they are extracted using traditional SPE method even with the addition of methanol or tetrabutylammonium bromide surfactants in water samples, suggesting great application potential of magnetic SPE method to preconcentrate highly hydrophobic contaminants (such as PAHs) from large volume of water samples. This new SPE method provides several advantages, such as simplicity, low environmental impact, high extraction efficiency, high breakthrough volumes, convenient extraction procedure, and short analysis time.

Synthesis and characterization of magnetic maghemite/catecholamine core/shell nanoparticles

“…The prepared nanoparticles were characterized and investigated in terms of morphology, water/oil wettability, chemical structure and thermal stability. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the bio-inspired surface coating of maghemite by dopamine, although the other types of iron oxide coated with variety of synthetic polymers has already been reported by several authors [30][31][32][33][34].…”

Nano polypyrrole-coated magnetic solid phase extraction followed by dispersive liquid phase microextraction for trace determination of megestrol acetate and levonorgestrel

“…Also, suitable surface modification increases their dispersibility and extraction capacity as well as their selectivity [14][15][16]. Therefore, a suitable coating is essential to overcome some limitations and realize the advantages of magnetic nanoparticles in sample pretreatment.…”

“…There has been an obvious increasing interest in establishing new coating materials for MSPE. Recent researches suggest that conductive polymers are promising in separation science because of their versatile properties such as hydrophobicity, large p-conjugated structure, polar functional groups, and ion exchange characteristics [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Polypyrrole (PPy) is one of the most widely investigated materials, due to its useful features.…”

Magnetic solid phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometrical analysis of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

“…Effective extraction and preconcentration techniques prior to instrumental analysis are often required. The widely used pre-treatment method at present for PAHs from aqueous samples are mainly sorbent based techniques, such as solid phase extraction (SPE) [11][12][13][14], microsolid-phase extraction (-SPE) [15], and magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. MSPE is a procedure for the preconcentration of target analytes from large volumes by using magnetic or magnetizable sorbents [30], which can be easily separated from sample solutions by an external magnetic field without the need of additional centrifugation or filtration.…”