Preparation of Polyacrylonitrile hollow carbon spheres and its application

Catalytic fabrication of graphene, carbon spheres, and carbon nanotubes from plastic waste

“…In these polycondensation reactions, carbon-containing materials can form an extended polymer chain that can curl up around a center point to form carbon spheres if suitable conditions are achieved. 27 Fig. 2a shows the TEM analysis of graphene, the outline of graphene flakes can be detected among the stalked graphene layers.…”