Preparation of Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)-Grafted Deproteinized Natural Rubber and Its Effect on the Properties of Natural Rubber/Silica Composites

Inphonlek, Supharat; Bureewong, Namthip; Jarukumjorn, Kasama; Chumsamrong, Pranee; Ruksakulpiwat, Yupaporn

doi:10.3390/polym14214602

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…In addition, the scorch time is the time with no crosslinks in the rubber compound, which is an important parameter for the safe processing of rubber in molds. The optimal cure time is another important parameter that determines the time required to produce the rubber products [ 15 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The value of minimum torque of NBR-5FSp tends to increase as compared to unfilled NBR because the dispersion of FSp at 5 phr reduces the mobility of the macromolecular chains of NBR, which causes the viscosity of the compound to increase [ 15 , 32 , 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Reinforced with Bio-Hydroxyapatite from Fish Scale

et al. 2023

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This work aims to enhance the mechanical properties, oil resistance, and thermal properties of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) by using the Nile tilapia fish scales as a filler and using bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT) as a coupling agent (CA). The prepared fish scale particles (FSp) are B-type hydroxyapatite and the particle shape is rod-like. The filled NBR with FSp at 10 phr increased tensile strength up to 180% (4.56 ± 0.48 MPa), reduced oil absorption up to 155%, and increased the decomposition temperature up to 4 °C, relative to the unfilled NBR. The addition of CA into filled NBR with FSp at 10 phr increased tensile strength up to 123% (5.62 ± 0.42 MPa) and percentage of elongation at break up to 122% relative to the filled NBR with FSp at 10 phr. This work demonstrated that the prepared FSp from the Nile tilapia fish scales can be used as a reinforcement filler to enhance the NBR properties for use in many high-performance applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Reinforced with Bio-Hydroxyapatite from Fish Scale

et al. 2023

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“…The crosslinked (PAA-co-PAM)-DPNR via emulsion graft copolymerization was performed according to a previous study with some modifications [ 13 ]. The deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) latex was prepared via treatment with urea in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the our previous work, poly(acrylic acid- co -acrylamide)- grafted deproteinized natural rubber ((PAA- co -PAM)-DPNR) was successfully prepared via emulsion graft copolymerization which was a water-based process [ 13 ]. This system was environmentally friendly and safe without using organic solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Crosslinked Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)-Grafted Deproteinized Natural Rubber/Silica Composites as Coating Materials for Controlled Release of Fertilizer

et al. 2023

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The crosslinked poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)-grafted deproteinized natural rubber/silica ((PAA-co-PAM)-DPNR/silica) composites were prepared and applied as coating materials for fertilizer in this work. The crosslinked (PAA-co-PAM)-DPNR was prepared via emulsion graft copolymerization in the presence of MBA as a crosslinking agent. The modified DPNR was mixed with various contents of silica (10 to 30 phr) to form the composites. The existence of crosslinked (PAA-co-PAM) after modification provided a water adsorption ability to DPNR. The swelling degree values of composites were found in the range of 2217.3 ± 182.0 to 8132.3 ± 483.8%. The addition of silica in the composites resulted in an improvement in mechanical properties. The crosslinked (PAA-co-PAM)-DPNR with 20 phr of silica increased its compressive strength and compressive modulus by 1.61 and 1.55 times compared to the unloaded silica sample, respectively. There was no breakage of samples after 80% compression strain. Potassium nitrate, a model fertilizer, was loaded into chitosan beads with a loading percentage of 40.55 ± 1.03% and then coated with the modified natural rubber/silica composites. The crosslinked (PAA-co-PAM)-DPNR/silica composites as the outer layers had the ability of holding water in their structure and retarded the release of fertilizer. These composites could be promising materials for controlled release and water retention that would have potential for agricultural application.

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“…S2), suggesting the absence of hydrogen bonding between GO and SBR or NR. [20,21] Fig. 2(b) illustrates the number of total hydrogen bonds and the number of interfacial hydrogen bonds in the MD simulation of the GO/rubber nanocomposite system.…”

Section: Molecular Simulation Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of experimental methods and molecular dynamics simulations for a comprehensive understanding of enhancement mechanisms in graphene oxide (GO)/rubber composites

Yang

Wen³

et al. 2023

J Polym Res

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Graphene oxide (GO) exhibits great application in rubber industry due to its unique two-dimensional nanosheet structure, signi cant speci c surface area, good barrier property, and high reactivity. However, different rubbers, such as carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR), natural rubber (NR), and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), have different interactions with GO, which has great in uence on the reinforcement effect of GO to the rubber matrix. In this work, the enhancement mechanism of GO on NR, SBR, and XNBR was studied by combining experiments with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results show that GO/XNBR nanocomposites had the smallest potential energy difference (ΔW a ), mean square displacement (MSD), and free volume fraction (FFV), resulting in excellent solvent resistance, and dynamic and mechanical properties. This study provides a new way to explore the macroscopic properties of rubber nanocomposites through molecular-level simulation.

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Preparation of Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)-Grafted Deproteinized Natural Rubber and Its Effect on the Properties of Natural Rubber/Silica Composites

Cited by 12 publications

References 78 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Reinforced with Bio-Hydroxyapatite from Fish Scale

Preparation and Characterization of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Reinforced with Bio-Hydroxyapatite from Fish Scale

Preparation of Crosslinked Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)-Grafted Deproteinized Natural Rubber/Silica Composites as Coating Materials for Controlled Release of Fertilizer

Integration of experimental methods and molecular dynamics simulations for a comprehensive understanding of enhancement mechanisms in graphene oxide (GO)/rubber composites

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