Preparation of Physiologically Neutral Fertilizer Mixtures - Reactions of Monoammonium Phosphate with Limestone and with Dolomite

Beeson, Kenneth C.; Ross, William H.

doi:10.1021/ie50297a020

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The losses of carbon dioxide that take place with time from mixtures of 1 part diammonium phosphate and 1.14 parts limestone of varying particle size are shown by the curves in Figure 2. These curves indicate that the initial reaction is slower and more uniform than that in corresponding mixtures with monoammonium phosphate (2), and that the daily loss of carbon dioxide did not show any marked decrease until after 20 to 30 days. In the case of monoammonium phosphate-limestone (< 200-mesh) mixtures (2), nearly 80 per cent of the carbon dioxide was evolved in 10 days, and a marked decrease in the rate of the reaction was noted from that time until the completion of the reaction in about 60 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The limestone and dolomite used in these tests were the same as those employed in the work reported previously (2). The compositions of the limestone and of the dolomite were as follows (in per cent): The different sized particles of limestone and dolomite used in the tests showed little variation in calcium carbonate equivalent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparatus. The apparatus and method of studying these reactions were the same as described previously (2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Reactions in Fertilizer Mixtures Reactions of Diammonium Phosphate with Limestone and with Dolomite

Beeson¹

1937

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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The reaction with limestone results in a reversion of a part of the phosphoric acid in the mixture to a citrate-insoluble form.The reaction with dolomite gives rise to the formation of magnesium ammonium phosphate, with a corresponding decrease in water-soluble nitrogen and phosphoric acid, but the citrate-insoluble phosphoric acid formed in mixtures of dolomite and diammonium phosphate at ordinary temperatures is relatively small. The citrate-soluble magnesia in an aged mixture of 100

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Reactions in Fertilizer Mixtures Reactions of Diammonium Phosphate with Limestone and with Dolomite

Beeson¹

1937

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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“…The presence of ammonium compounds in the phosphatic mixtures does not interfere with the use of dolomite in such mixtures, for it was demonstrated by Maclntire and Sanders (4) that, at ordinary temperatures, ammoniates may be mixed with dolomite without loss of ammonia. A recent contribution by Beeson and Ross (1) showed that this also holds for monoammonium phosphate.…”

Section: Findings and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The added limestone or dolomite kills off the "free" phosphoric acid, and thus mini- 1 In collaboration with the Division of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee…”

Section: Findings and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate Fertilizer Mixtures: Chemical Changes and Physical Effects Induced in Mixtures of Triple Superphosphate with Dry and Wetted Limestone and Dolomite

Macintire¹,

Hardin²,

Oldham³

1936

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Properties of Diammonium Phosphate Fertilizer

Thompson¹,

Miller²,

Dole³

et al. 1949

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Tennessee Valley Authority, Wilson Dam, Ala. r)iammonium phosphate, produced from anhydrous ammonia and electric-furnace phosphoric acid in a pilot plant using a new, saturator-type process, consisted of aggregates of thin tabular crystals bonded by a film of fine crystals. The product contained 0 to 5% of monoammonium phosphate, but otherwise was substantially free of impurities. Laboratory tests showed the product to be strong enough to withstand ordinary fertilizer handling without excessive degradation, satisfactorily nonhygroscopic, satisfactorily drillable, and suitably stable with r e s p r r t to loss of ammonia by volatilization under normal IllMMONIUM phosphate [(NHJPHPO~; 21.2% nitrogen D and 53.8% phosphorus pentoxide1 has not enjoyed wide usage in this country as a fertilizer; this may be attributed at least in part to the poor behavior of some diammonium phosphate mixtures that have been used in the past and to unfavorable reports on important fertilizer properties of the salt. Most of the diammonium phosphate that has been used in this country wm imported from Germany before World War I1 in the form of granulated nitrogen-phosphorus pentoxide-potassium oxide mixtures (Nitrophoska), prepared by adding a hot concentrated solution of ammonium nitrate to a dry mixture of diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride or sulfate and cooling the mixture in granulating equipment ( 4 , 80). The high initial temperature of the mixture in this procedure was thought to result in some loss of ammonia from diamnionium phosphate (80). ' Most of the Nitrophoslras were characterized by relatively high ammonium nitrate content and nitrogen-phosphorus pentoxide ratio. Therefore, they were hygroscopic and tended to cake and become undrillable unless handled with special care (80). The production of Nitrophoslra from diammonium phosphate was discontinued by the Germans several years ago because of the unsatisfactory physical properties of the product and its tendency to decompose during handling ( I S ) .The properties of diamnioniuin phosphate Chat may affect its use as a fertilizer in this country by itself or in ungranulated mixtures are not well established, although a number of miscellaneous properties of general interest have been reported (5, 6, 9-11, 16, 16, 19, 83'). It is nonpoisonous, nonexplosive, and nonflainmable (it is used as a flame-proofing agent). Several authors have referred qualitatively to the instability of the salt, Collings (8) stated that. it has not been used as extensively as the monosalt "because of its unstable nature and its poor physical condition." Ross, Mehring, and Merz (1'9) observed that it loscs ammonia when moistened with water and concluded that for this reason, and because i t is less convenient t o prepare than t,he monosalt, it would find limited application in this country unlcss mixed with acidic materials. Mehring and Cumings (1.5) reported that it lost ammonia and bcc:tnie paqty when exposed to 1 Present address. Mississippi Chemiual Corporation, Leland, Miss. * Present a...

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Preparation of Physiologically Neutral Fertilizer Mixtures - Reactions of Monoammonium Phosphate with Limestone and with Dolomite

Abstract: Monoammonium phosphate reacts with limestone in all proportions at ordinary temperatures in the presence of moisture to evolve carbon dioxide. Loss of ammonia takes place also when the CaC03 in the mixture exceeds one mole per mole of 03.

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Chemical Reactions in Fertilizer Mixtures Reactions of Diammonium Phosphate with Limestone and with Dolomite

Chemical Reactions in Fertilizer Mixtures Reactions of Diammonium Phosphate with Limestone and with Dolomite

Phosphate Fertilizer Mixtures: Chemical Changes and Physical Effects Induced in Mixtures of Triple Superphosphate with Dry and Wetted Limestone and Dolomite

Properties of Diammonium Phosphate Fertilizer

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