Preparation of novel hemostatic material containing spherical porous hydroxyapatite/alginate granules

Abstract

A novel and biocompatible hemostatic material was prepared by mixing porous spherical hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ; HAp)/alginate (AG) granules with a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EPO). Two kinds of HAp powders with different particle shapes, i.e., whisker-like HAp (w-HAp; mean long-axis length, 38.0 µm; short-axis length, 1.90 µm) and nanometer-sized HAp (n-HAp; approximate sizes, 0.03 µm © 0.05 µm) were used for the preparation of granules. The HApAG granules with diameters of 1.5 to 3.0 mm were prepared through (i) introduction of the spherical droplets containing 2 mass% sodium alginate and HAp particles (w-HAp or n-HAp; HAp/AG = 1.0) into 1 mol·dm ¹3 CaCl 2 solution by using a syringe, (ii) freezing of resulting spherical gels at ¹80°C and (iii) drying of gels at ¹50°C for 24 h. The water absorptions of w-HAp/AG and n-HAp/AG granules after 3 d immersion at 37.0°C were 217 mass% and 66 mass%, respectively, indicating that the porosities of the former granules were higher than those of the latter. The stanching times of blood, which were evaluated by measuring how soon the papers on the EPO gels with 60 mass% HAp (i.e., w-HAp and n-HAp)/AG granules got wet by the simulated blood that came out on top of the porous HAp cube (porosity, 70%; mean pore size, 200 µm) due to the capillary force, were estimated to be approximately 5 h.

Hydroxyapatite: Preparation, Properties and Its Biomedical Applications

“…[9]. Recently, hydroxyapatite has attracted interests because of its hemostatic properties, and bone healing function [10] [11] [12].…”

Properties of novel bone hemostat prepared using hydroxyapatite, phosphoryl oligosaccharides of calcium and thermoplastic resin

“…8) The phase identification was carried out using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD; RINT 2000V/P, Rigaku Corp., Tokyo, 40 kV and 40 mA) with monochromatic Cu K¡ radiation and a Fourier transform infra-red spectrometer (FT-IR; 8600PC, Shimadzu, Kyoto). Phase changes during the heating from room temperature to 1200°C were examined by differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry (DTA-TG; Model Thermo Plus TG8120, Rigaku, Tokyo).…”

Nanotechnology-enabled materials for hemostatic and anti-infection treatments in orthopedic surgery

“…Also, the time of the nanomaterials for stanching blood is satisfactory to meet the need for surgery. 35…”

“…50,51 Hemostatic mechanisms of nanomaterials Table 1 provides an "at-a-glance" summary of various representative hemostatic materials along with characteristic evaluations. 53 Figure 1 shows the morphology of several hemostatic materials, 15,35,54 many of which have been reviewed in the previous section. In this section, understandings of important hemostatic mechanisms of nanomaterials are discussed, beginning with a brief review of the physiology of hemostatic procedure.…”