Abstract:A novel complex nano-structured Au@TiO 2 gold catalyst has been prepared. Au precursor could be transformed into Au@TiO 2 /MCM-22 with the complex nano-structured using two different methods. Samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis, TEM, ICP-AES and N 2 adsorption-desorption. It is found that gold was anchored on the TiO 2 /MCM-22 as small size and uniform particles with the average diameters in the range of 5 -9 nm. Catalytic results show that such nano-gold catalysts display excellent catalytic perf… Show more
“…Therefore, designing a suitable catalyst for indole purification is necessary. One of the recent ways for creating such a design is fixing photocatalysts on the surface of zeolites which has been providing an excellent opportunity for improving zeolites efficiency [17][18][19]. For instance, in an experimental study, Mihajlovic et al modified natural zeolite with Fe(III), and found that this way increased the adsorption capacity of the zeolite [20].…”
One of the aromatic contaminants in the oil and fuel is indole, which is toxic even at low doses and is considered as air and water pollutant. In this research, the surface of Zeolite 4A (Z4A) was modified by Cu(II)nanoparticles to introduce a desirable nanocomposite (Cu(II)/Z4A) for indole oxidative degradation. The catalysts characterization was carried out by XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and BET/BJH techniques. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed for studying several effective factors influences in indole oxidation process, including pH, weight percentage of loaded copper (Cu(wt %)), mass of composite, and indole initial concentration (IND concentration). The obtained results by BBD revealed the solution pH was the most pivotal factor in indole oxidative degradation and predicted that under the optimum experimental conditions, the efficiency should be 98.91%. Moreover, GC-mass analysis was applied for evaluating side products, of which results led to some mechanisms and new productions to be found by using indole oxidative degradation. The results also demonstrated that due to indole oxidation and applying the proper solvent (ethanol), some side products were generated capable of acting as a fuel octane number enhancer, which may play a significant role in obtaining more valuable fuels.
“…Therefore, designing a suitable catalyst for indole purification is necessary. One of the recent ways for creating such a design is fixing photocatalysts on the surface of zeolites which has been providing an excellent opportunity for improving zeolites efficiency [17][18][19]. For instance, in an experimental study, Mihajlovic et al modified natural zeolite with Fe(III), and found that this way increased the adsorption capacity of the zeolite [20].…”
One of the aromatic contaminants in the oil and fuel is indole, which is toxic even at low doses and is considered as air and water pollutant. In this research, the surface of Zeolite 4A (Z4A) was modified by Cu(II)nanoparticles to introduce a desirable nanocomposite (Cu(II)/Z4A) for indole oxidative degradation. The catalysts characterization was carried out by XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and BET/BJH techniques. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed for studying several effective factors influences in indole oxidation process, including pH, weight percentage of loaded copper (Cu(wt %)), mass of composite, and indole initial concentration (IND concentration). The obtained results by BBD revealed the solution pH was the most pivotal factor in indole oxidative degradation and predicted that under the optimum experimental conditions, the efficiency should be 98.91%. Moreover, GC-mass analysis was applied for evaluating side products, of which results led to some mechanisms and new productions to be found by using indole oxidative degradation. The results also demonstrated that due to indole oxidation and applying the proper solvent (ethanol), some side products were generated capable of acting as a fuel octane number enhancer, which may play a significant role in obtaining more valuable fuels.
“…Of late many works have been carried out using molecular oxygen as oxidant and it proves its versatility and superiority over other oxidants [9]. The product of cyclohexane oxidation KA oil is used as a raw material to prepare adipic acid and caprolactum [10]. Of late, the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone is developed in heterogeneous system.…”
The novel catalysts Ce-AlPO-18 with Al/Ce = 25, 50, 75 &100 were synthesized using hydrothermal synthesis procedure. The newly synthesized catalysts were characterized using physico-chemical techniques such as, X-ray diffraction (XRD) which confirmed AEI structure, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS-UV) confirmed the presence of both Ce 3+ and Ce 4+ in the framework and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the complete removal of template molecule. The synthesized catalysts were tested for the oxidation of cyclohexane using air as the oxidant in a solvent free system and the results were discussed.
CuCr 2 O 4 /reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites were prepared using a two-step method. Detailed characterizations of the material were performed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectra, and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA). The characterizations showed that the~50 nm CuCr 2 O 4 nanoparticles were successfully supported on the rGO via static electricity. The TGA results showed that the quality of rGO in composites was around 10%. The experimental results showed that the catalysts obtained high catalytic activity for the selective oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone with H 2 O 2 . The catalyst obtained a conversion rate of cyclohexane of up to 95.8%. 78.1% cyclohexanone selectivity was obtained. The catalyst had good cycling stability after 5 reuses. Compared to the other composite materials, the catalyst had high catalytic activity for the selective oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone.[a] Z.
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