Preparation of microporous activated carbon from date stones by chemical activation using zinc chloride

Cherik, Dalila; Louhab, K.

doi:10.1080/15567036.2017.1390012

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Consequently, raw date stones possess considerable potential to be successfully activated, requiring only a small amount of energy for drying. A number of publications have reported the results of activating date stones with various activating agents and at various temperatures (Girgis and El-Hendawy 2002;Merzougui et al 2011;Suresh Kumar Reddy et al 2013;Danish et al 2014;Cherik and Louhab 2017). In order not to duplicate previous work and focus this study on the water treatment application, optimum literature criteria were selected to provide a high surface area at a relatively low temperature for keeping energy costs low.…”

Section: Adsorbent Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Palm kernel shell was used to investigate the adsorption of three pharmaceuticals (To et al 2017), namely, atenolol, acebutolol and carbamazepine with adsorption capacities of 154, 165 and 154 mg/g respectively. Some studies have reported the production of activated carbons from date stones often termed date pits (Merzougui et al 2011;Danish et al 2014) using phosphoric acid (Girgis and El-Hendawy 2002), zinc chloride (Cherik and Louhab 2017) and carbon dioxide (Suresh Kumar Reddy et al 2013). The methodologies of converting date stones into activated carbons have yielded a variety of pollutant removal applications for this material, such as, pesticides (Hameed et al 2009;Hassan et al 2020), dyes (Al-Ghouti et al 2010Bouchemal et al 2012;Messaoudi et al 2016), heavy metals (Al-Ghouti et al 2010;Bouhamed et al 2012;Mangwandi et al 2020) and pharmaceuticals (Belhamdi et al 2016;Darweesh and Ahmed 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorbent Minimisation for Removal of Ibuprofen from Water in a Two-Stage Batch Process

Farzaneh¹,

Saththasivam²,

McKay³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Pharmaceutical products in water, frequently referred to as personal pharmaceutical products, PCPPs are regarded as problematic emerging pollutants with the potential to cause damaging health and environmental impacts to several ecosystems. In this study, an acid activated carbon has been produced from waste date stones, the waste product obtained from the seedless date products manufacturing industry. This material has been used to remove the pharmaceutical compound ibuprofen from water with a high adsorption capacity of 126 mg ibuprofen per g waste date stone derived activated carbon. In order to optimise the use of the activated carbon, a design study has been performed to minimise the quantity of carbon needed using a two-stage batch adsorption system. Several variables have been inputted into the design model to test the model and compare the quantities of adsorbent required in the two-stage and the single stage systems under various conditions.

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Section: Adsorbent Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorbent Minimisation for Removal of Ibuprofen from Water in a Two-Stage Batch Process

Farzaneh¹,

Saththasivam²,

McKay³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The dried samples were activated for 1 h at 600 o C in a pyrolysis reactor under a nitrogen flow of 150 mL/min. The chemical impregnation used temperature of 600 o C to obtain optimal surface area [7]. The weight losses due to activation were determined.…”

Section: Preparation Of Activated Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Recovery from Hydrogen-Methane Gas Mixture Using Coffee Grounds Based Activated Carbon Bioadsorbent

Sudibandriyo

Kusumadewi

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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Hydrogen recovery from off-gas of hydrocracking unit by adsorption is one of the process that could increase the efficiency processes of refinery unit. The purpose of this research is to make coffee grounds based activated carbon bioadsorbent that will be used in hydrogen recovery proses. The carbon was prepared by chemical activation using ZnCl2 at temperature 600 o C. The surface area of produced activated carbon was measured using BET and Iodine number, while its surface morphology and composition were characterized using SEM-EDX. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon and its selectivity will be tested using hydrogen-methane gas mixture. The test was carried out on pure methane and hydrogen gas at 20 o C and a mixture of CH4/H2 (mole ratio: 4:1) at 10 o C, 20 o C and 30 o C and pressures from 1 to 6 bars. The results of this study show that the activated carbon can be successfully produced having the specific surface area of 728.07 m 2 /g and the iodine number of 2160 mg/g. The result shows that the adsorption of pure CH4 gas at the same pressure was 2.4 times greater than pure H2. The adsorption test indicates that the produced activated carbon might be used for hydrogen/methane separation.

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“…The graphite furnace is from (Nabertherm). Adsorption capacity of phenol was evaluated at various parameters such as pH solution, concentration, adsorbent dosage and contact time using UV-Visible spectrophotometer (Hitachi UH5300) [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-chemical Characterization of Nano-Zinc Oxide/Activated Carbon Composite for Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution

Allwar

Setyani

Sugesti

et al. 2021

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Oil palm shell was used as a precursor for preparation of activated carbon using different chemical activations (potassium hydroxide (KOH), zinc chloride (ZNCl2), and phosphoric acid (H3PO4)). Each activated carbons (AC) was mixed with nano-zinc oxide to form a composite. From the gas sorption analyzer, it is showed that nitrogen adsorption isotherms show Type II for ZnO/AC-KOH and ZnO/AC-ZnCl2 corresponding to the micro- and mesoporous structures, respectively. However, the nitrogen adsorption isotherm of ZnO/AC-H3PO4 exhibits the Type I with predominantly microporous structures. The SEM micrographs produced unsmooth surface and different pore sizes. The XRD patterns at 2θ of 25.06° and 26.75° were come from amorphous activated carbon. The peak intensity of ZnO was weak due to low concentration of zinc precursor. However, the ZnO of ZnO/AC-ZnCl2 showed strongly peak intensity. The effectiveness of the composites was examined for phenol removal determined by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer method. The equilibrium adsorption follows the Langmuir and Freundlich models according to the best correlation coefficient (R2). The kinetic model was only obtained for the pseudo-second-order with the best linearity of the correlation coefficient (R2). The results of this study showed that the oil palm shell has a great potential for ZnO/AC with excellent adsorptive property. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

show abstract

Preparation of microporous activated carbon from date stones by chemical activation using zinc chloride

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Adsorbent Minimisation for Removal of Ibuprofen from Water in a Two-Stage Batch Process

Adsorbent Minimisation for Removal of Ibuprofen from Water in a Two-Stage Batch Process

Hydrogen Recovery from Hydrogen-Methane Gas Mixture Using Coffee Grounds Based Activated Carbon Bioadsorbent

Physical-chemical Characterization of Nano-Zinc Oxide/Activated Carbon Composite for Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution

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