Preparation of micron-sized, monodisperse nonspherical polymeric particles with a variety of shapes via seeded dispersion polymerization initiated by ammonium persulfate

Micromolding-polymerization as a novel method for production of nonspherical polymer particles: formation mechanism of polystyrene particles

“…Different activities of initiators were suggested as the root of such difference [19]. It was reported that seeded dispersion polymerizations initiated by APS using PVP as a stabilizer result in the formation of nonspherical particles [21]. Such observations made us to investigate whether the type of initiator has any impact on the particles synthesized by micromolding-polymerization or not.…”

“…In the past years, several efforts have been done to prepare such particles using different techniques [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. We also reported the production of particles with a variety of shapes [19][20][21][22][23][24]. However, in all of such reports, nonspherical particles have been produced by changing the shape of a precursor; therefore, this question would be raised: Bis it feasible to prepare nonspherical particles of one component directly by polymerization without changing the shape of a precursor?Î n our previous work, we answered this question by introducing a new synthesis method which we called it micromolding-polymerization.…”

Fabrication of unique cage-like polystyrene particles having lots of dents on the surface via unstable seeded dispersion polymerization

“…Functionality of such particles depends on various parameters (e.g., composition, polarity, size, size distribution, and so forth) among which, shape is considered as an important one. Several studies have been reported regarding the production of polymer particles with a variety of shapes such as "egg-like" [1], "confetti-like" [2], "raspberry-like" [3][4][5][6], "snowman-like" [2,7], "rugby-ball-like" [8], golf-ball-like [9], disk-like [10][11][12][13], red blood corpuscle-like [14], and so forth. We have also reported the fabrication of particles with novel almond shell-like shape via dual-seeded dispersion polymerization (SDP) [15,16] as well as half-shell polystyrene (PS) particles with controllable surface area using micromolding-polymerization [17].…”

Dual-seeded dispersion polymerization: formation mechanism of novel and unique ring-like and almond-shell-like polystyrene particles

“…Even though spherical particles own properties well suited to the applications referred to above, it has been an interesting issue for scientists to introduce new approaches for fabrication of nonspherical particles since nonspherical shapes can donate exceptional functionalities to polymeric particles [4]. Therefore, in the past years, several techniques have been developed for preparation of polymer particles having special shapes and morphologies [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] among which seeded dispersion polymerization (SDP) has many advantages in comparison to the others. SDP in the presence of an organic solvent is an exceptional method which has been introduced by Okubo et al They prepared polyhedral and disk-like particles by employing this technique [14][15][16].…”